How to Create an Array of Structs in C++?

In C++, a struct is a user-defined data type that allows us to combine data of different types and an array of structs is an array in which each element is of the struct type. In this article, we will learn how to create an array of structs in C++.

Creating an Array of Structs in C++

To create an array of structs, we first need to define the struct type and then declare an array of that struct using the below syntax.

Syntax to Create an Array of Structs in C++

// Define the struct
struct StructName {
    dataType1 member1;
    dataType2 member2;
    // more members...
};


// Declare an array of structs
StructName arrayName[arraySize];

Here,

• StructName is the name of the struct.
• dataType1, dataType2 are the data types of the members of the struct.
• member1, member2 are the names of the members of the struct.
• arrayName is the name of the array of structs.
• arraySize is the size of the array.

C++ Program to Create an Array of Structs

The below program demonstrates how we can create an array of structs in C++.

C++

// C++ program to illustrate how to create an array of
// structs
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

// Defining the struct
struct Student {
    int id;
    string name;
};

int main()
{
    // Declaring the size of the array
    int size = 3;

    // Declaring an array of structs
    Student myArray[size];

    // Initializing data to structs present in the array
    for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
        myArray[i].id = i + 1;
        myArray[i].name = "Student" + to_string(i + 1);
    }

    // Printing the data of structs present in the array
    cout << "Array Elements:" << endl;
    for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
        cout << "Element " << i + 1
             << ": ID = " << myArray[i].id
             << ", Name = " << myArray[i].name << endl;
    }

    return 0;
}

Output

Array Elements:
Element 1: ID = 1, Name = Student1
Element 2: ID = 2, Name = Student2
Element 3: ID = 3, Name = Student3

Time Complexity: O(N), here N is the number of elements present in the array.
Auxiliary Space: O(N)