Attendance Marking System in C++

In today’s modern and fast world, maintaining accurate attendance records is crucial for monitoring and managing student or employee attendance. We can automate this process by creating an Attendance Management System in C++. In this article, we will see how to implement an Attendence Management System using C++.

Prerequisite: C++ OOPs, C++ File Handling, Time and String Libraries.

Features of Attendance Marking System in C++

The attendance marking system we are building in C++ allows administrators to manage and monitor attendance records. This system provides functionality for both administrators and students, allowing administrators to mark attendance and manage student records while enabling students to view their attendance status.

The following are the key features of this Attendance Marking System:

For Administrators:

1. Login
2. Add Students or Employee
3. Add Another Administrator
4. Mark Attendance
5. View All Attendance at a Glance

For Students of Employee:

1. Login
2. View Attendance

Main Components

The attendance marking system have the following components:

1. Main Menu

The main menu contains the option for both student and admin login. It is the first page that any user will land at. The function mainMenu() is used to implement this. It also implements switch case to call the relevant method depending upon the user input.

2. Administrator Dashboard

This list all the functionalities that comes under the admin and the admin first have to login to access the admin dashboard. It also uses the switch case to refer to the required code based on the user choice. After performing any function, the admin will return again to this dashboard.

3. Student Dashboard

The student dashboard opens when the student logins using its username and password. The student dashboard have limited functionality that only provides the data about students own attendance records.

4. Data Files

Almost all the data is stored in the form of .txt files by the program. They are:

1. usn + “.txt” : This file is created for every student/employee and is named after their Unique ID Number. This file stores the attendance record of the student and employee with date.
2. adminAccount.txt: This files stores the data about admin username and password.
3. studentList.txt: This file stores the information about the students/employee.
4. UsnFile.txt: This file stores the Unique ID of the students or employee.

Saving the data into files means that it will not be lost when the program terminates.

C++ Program to Implement Attendance Marking System

C++

// C++ Program to implement student Attendence Management
// System
#include <cstdlib>
#include <cstring>
#include <ctime>
#include <fstream>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>

using namespace std;

// Function prototypes
void mainmenu();
void adminLogin();
void studentlogin();
void adminMenu();
void creatAdminAccount();
void createStudentFile();
void initilizeAdminIdPass();
void insertionsort();
int isfileexist(string);
void markAttendence();
void attendenceStatus(string);
void attendencelist();

// Class to handle admin actions
class admin {
    string username, password, rPassword;

public:
    void checkPasswordMatch()
    {
        int passwordMatchStatus
            = password.compare(rPassword);
        if (passwordMatchStatus != 0) {
            cout << "\n\t\tPasswords are not matching. "
                    "Re-enter the password\n";
            getUserNameAndPasswordOfAdmin();
        }
    }

    // implementing password constrains
    int passwordformat()
    {
        int digf = 0, numf = 0, splf = 0, i = 0,
            len = password.size();

        if (password.size() < 8) {
            printf("\n\t\t\tPassword is too short\n");
            return 0;
        }
        if (password.size() > 20) {
            printf("\n\t\t\tPassword is too long");
            return 0;
        }

        for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
            if (password[i] >= 'A' && password[i] <= 'Z') {
                numf = 1;
            }
            if (password[i] == '@' || password[i] == '&'
                || password[i] == '_' || password[i] == '*'
                || password[i] == '(' || password[i] == ')'
                || password[i] == '#' || password[i] == '$'
                || password[i] == '^' || password[i] == '.'
                || password[i] == ',') {
                splf = 1;
            }
            if (isdigit(password[i]) == 0)
                digf = 1;
        }
        if (numf && splf && digf) {
            return 1;
        }
        else {
            printf("\nPassword should contain at least one "
                   "uppercase letter, one digit, and one "
                   "special character ('@', '#', '$', '^', "
                   "'&', '*', '(', ')', '.', ',')");
            return 0;
        }
    }

    void getUserNameAndPasswordOfAdmin()
    {
        cout << "\n\t\t\tEnter username: ";
        cin >> username;
        cout << "\n\t\t\tEnter password: ";
        cin >> password;
        while (!passwordformat()) {
            cout << "\n\t\t\tEnter password: ";
            cin >> password;
        }
        cout << "\n\t\t\tRe-enter password: ";
        cin >> rPassword;
        cout << endl;
        checkPasswordMatch();
    }

    string returnAdminUsername() { return username; }

    string returnAdminPassword() { return password; }
};

// Class to handle student actions
class student {
    // variable to store name and university serial number
    string usn, name;

public:
    void readStudentData()
    {
        cout << "\n\t\t\tEnter the name: ";
        cin >> name;
        cout << "\n\t\t\tEnter the username: ";
        cin >> usn;
    }

    string getUsn() { return usn; }

    string getName() { return name; }
};

// creating a file with admin credentials
void createAdminAccount()
{
    admin a;
    a.getUserNameAndPasswordOfAdmin();
    string username, password;
    username = a.returnAdminUsername();
    password = a.returnAdminPassword();
    fstream f;
    f.open("AdminAccount.txt", ios::app);
    f << username << "\t" << password << "\n";
    f.close();
    cout << "\n\t\t\tAccount created successfully\n";
}

// function to initialize the admin file if it does not
// exists
void initilizeAdminIdPass()
{
    fstream f;
    int fileStatus = isfileexist("AdminAccount.txt");
    if (fileStatus) {
        f.open("AdminAccount.txt", ios::out);
        f << "admin\tadmin\n";
        f.close();
    }
}

// function to  help in admin in logging in
void adminLogin()
{
    initilizeAdminIdPass();
    int success_flag = 0;
    cout << "\n\n------------------------ ADMIN LOGIN "
            "------------------------\n";
    string username, fUsername, fPassword;
    string password;
    cout << "\n\t\t\tEnter username : ";
    cin >> username;
    cout << "\n\t\t\tEnter password : ";
    cin >> password;
    fstream f;
    f.open("AdminAccount.txt", ios::in);
    while (f) {
        f >> fUsername >> fPassword;
        if (username.compare(fUsername) == 0
            && password.compare(fPassword) == 0) {
            cout << "\n\t\t\tLogin successful!!!\n";
            success_flag = 1;
            adminMenu();
            f.close();
            break;
        }
    }

    // if login is failed.
    if (success_flag == 0) {
        f.close();
        cout << "\n\t\tError! Invalid Credentials. Please "
                "Try Again\n";
    }
}

// function for admin dashboard
void adminMenu()
{
    int choice;
    for (;;) {
        cout << "\n ------------------------ ADMIN MENU "
                "------------------------\n";
        cout << "\n\t\t\t1.Mark attendance\n\t\t\t2.Add "
                "students\n\t\t\t3.Create new admin "
                "account\n\t\t\t4.Student attendance "
                "list\n\t\t\t5.Main "
                "menu\n\t\t\t0.Exit\n\n\t\t\tEnter your "
                "choice...";
        cin >> choice;
        switch (choice) {
        case 0:
            exit(0);
        case 1: {
            markAttendence();
            break;
        }
        case 2: {
            createStudentFile();
            break;
        }
        case 3: {
            createAdminAccount();

            break;
        }
        case 4: {
            attendencelist();
            break;
        }
        case 5: {
            mainmenu();
            break;
        }
        }
    }
}

// creating a file to store student data
void createStudentFile()
{
    student s;
    int year, month, day, pa;
    s.readStudentData();
    string usn, name;
    usn = s.getUsn();
    name = s.getName();
    string filename = usn + ".txt";
    time_t now = time(0);
    tm* ltm = localtime(&now);
    year = ltm->tm_year + 1900;
    month = ltm->tm_mon + 1;
    day = ltm->tm_mday;
    pa = 2;
    if (!isfileexist(filename)) {
        cout << "\n\t\t\tStudent already enrolled\n";
    }
    else {
        fstream seperatef, commonf, usnf;
        seperatef.open(filename, ios::out);
        seperatef << usn << "\t" << name << "\t" << pa
                  << "\t" << day << "\t" << month << "\t"
                  << year << "\n";
        commonf.open("studentlist.txt", ios::app);
        commonf << usn << "\t" << name << "\n";
        usnf.open("UsnFile.txt", ios::app);
        usnf << usn << "\n";
        commonf.close();
        usnf.close();
        seperatef.close();
        cout << "\n\t\tStudent successfully added to the "
                "list\n";
    }
    insertionsort();
}

// function to mark attendence with date
void markAttendence()
{
    string filename, usn, name;
    int pa, day, month, year;
    time_t now = time(0);
    tm* ltm = localtime(&now);
    year = ltm->tm_year + 1900;
    month = ltm->tm_mon + 1;
    day = ltm->tm_mday;
    cout << "\n\t\t\tEnter 1 for present and 0 for "
            "absent\n\n";
    fstream sfile, usnfile;
    sfile.open("studentlist.txt", ios::in);

    while (sfile >> usn >> name) {
        filename = usn + ".txt";
        usnfile.open(filename, ios::app);
        cout << "\t\tUniversity Number: " << usn
             << "\tName: " << name << "\t";
        cin >> pa;
        usnfile << usn << "\t" << name << "\t" << pa << "\t"
                << day << "\t" << month << "\t" << year
                << "\n";
        usnfile.close();
    }

    cout << "\n\t\t\tAll attendance marked\n";
    sfile.close();
}

// utility function to check whether the file with the given
// name exists
int isfileexist(string filename)
{
    fstream f;
    f.open(filename, ios::in);
    if (f) {
        f.close();
        return 0;
    }
    f.close();
    return 1;
}

// insertion sort implementation
void insertionSortRecursive(string arr[], int n)
{
    if (n <= 1)
        return;

    insertionSortRecursive(arr, n - 1);
    string last = arr[n - 1];
    int j = n - 2;

    while (j >= 0 && arr[j] > last) {
        arr[j + 1] = arr[j];
        j--;
    }
    arr[j + 1] = last;
}

// soring usn file according to university serial number
// number
void insertionsort()
{
    int i, j, n = 0;
    string k;
    string usnarray[150];
    fstream usnf;
    usnf.open("UsnFile.txt");
    while (usnf >> usnarray[n++])
        ;
    usnf.close();
    insertionSortRecursive(usnarray, n);
    usnf.open("UsnFile.txt");
    for (i = 0; i <= n; i++) {
        usnf << usnarray[i] << "\n";
    }
    usnf.close();
}

// function to print attendence list
void attendencelist()
{
    string usn, name;
    int totaldays = 0, p = 0, a = 0, flag = 0, pa, day,
        month, year;
    float per = 0.0;
    fstream sepf, usnf;
    usnf.open("UsnFile.txt", ios::in);
    while (usnf >> usn) {
        flag = 0;
        p = 0;
        a = 0;
        per = 0;
        totaldays = 0;
        usn = usn + ".txt";
        sepf.open(usn, ios::in);
        while (sepf >> usn >> name >> pa >> day >> month
               >> year) {
            if (flag == 0) {
                cout << "\n\n\tUniversity Number:" << usn
                     << "\t"
                     << "Name: " << name << endl;
                flag = 1;
                continue;
            }
            totaldays++;
            if (pa == 1)
                p++;
            else
                a++;
        }
        sepf.close();
        per = ((float)p / totaldays) * 100;
        cout << "\tPresent:" << p << "\tAbsent:" << a
             << "\tAttendance percentage:" << per << endl;
    }
    usnf.close();
}

// function to check attendence status
void attendenceStatus(string filename)
{
    fstream f, usnfile;
    string usn, name, usnfilename;
    int pa, day, month, year, pcount, acount,
        totaldays = 0, p = 0, a = 0, flag = 0;
    float per = 0.0;

    usnfile.open(filename, ios::in);
    while (usnfile >> usn >> name >> pa >> day >> month
           >> year) {
        if (flag == 0) {
            cout << "\n\tName:" << name
                 << "\tUniversity Number:" << usn << endl;
            flag = 1;
            continue;
        }
        totaldays++;
        if (pa == 1) {
            p++;
            cout << "\t" << day << "-" << month << "-"
                 << year << "\tPresent\n";
        }
        else {
            a++;
            cout << "\t" << day << "-" << month << "-"
                 << year << "\tAbsent\n";
        }
    }
    usnfile.close();
    per = ((float)p / totaldays) * 100;

    cout << "\n\n\tPresent:" << p << "\tAbsent:" << a
         << "\tAttendance percentage:" << per << endl
         << endl;
}

// student login page
void studentlogin()
{
    ;
    cout << "\n ------------------------ STUDENT MENU "
            "------------------------\n";
    string password, username, fUsername, fPassword;
    int successf = 0;
    cout << "\n\t\t\tEnter username : ";
    cin >> username;
    cout << "\n\t\t\tEnter password : ";
    cin >> password;
    string filename = password + ".txt";
    ifstream sflogin;
    sflogin.open("studentlist.txt");
    while (sflogin >> fUsername) {
        if (password.compare(fUsername) == 0
            && username.compare(fUsername) == 0) {
            successf = 1;
            attendenceStatus(filename);
            sflogin.close();
            break;
        }
    }
    if (successf == 0) {
        sflogin.close();
        cout << "\n\t\t\t Error ! Invalid Credentials..";
    }
    sflogin.close();
}

// main menu
void mainmenu()
{
    int choice;
    while (1) {
        cout << "\n\n ------------------ Welcome to "
                "Attendence Management System "
                "------------------\n";
        cout << "\n\t\t\t1.Student login\n\t\t\t2.Admin "
                "login\n\t\t\t0.Exit\n\n\t\t\tEnter your "
                "choice... ";
        cin >> choice;
        switch (choice) {
        case 0:
            exit(0);
        case 1:
            studentlogin();
            break;
        case 2:
            adminLogin();
            break;

        default:
            cout << "Invalid Option! Pease Try Again.\n";
        }
    }
}

// driver code
int main()
{
    mainmenu();
    return 0;
}

• Default admin username is admin and password is admin.
• Student login username is their usn and password is also usn.

Output