Class 11 School Polity Chapter 2: Right Against Exploitation

In societies marked by disparities in wealth and power, the risk of exploitation looms large, especially for marginalized communities. The right against exploitation, enshrined in the Constitution, serves as a shield against such injustices, aiming to protect the most vulnerable members of society.

Right Against Exploitation

In our country, there are millions of underprivileged and deprived individuals who may be subjected to exploitation by others. One form of exploitation, known as begar or forced labor without payment, has been historically prevalent and is prohibited under the Constitution. Similarly, the buying and selling of human beings and their use as slaves are also prohibited.

Forced labor was commonly imposed by landlords, moneylenders, and wealthy individuals in the past, and while some forms of bonded labor persist, particularly in industries like brick kilns, it has been declared a crime punishable by law.

The Constitution also prohibits the employment of children below the age of 14 in hazardous jobs such as factories and mines. With child labor being outlawed and the right to education established as a fundamental right for children, the protection against exploitation has gained greater significance.

Forced Labour and Human Trafficking

Historically, forced labour, or begar, has been a scourge in India, with landlords and moneylenders often subjecting the poor to work without fair compensation. Similarly, the buying and selling of human beings as slaves has stained the fabric of society.

While such practices may have ancient roots, the Constitution unequivocally prohibits them, recognizing the inherent dignity and freedom of every individual.

Challenges Persist

Despite legal prohibitions, forms of exploitation persist in modern-day India. Bonded labour, akin to slavery, still rears its ugly head in sectors like brick kiln work, where vulnerable individuals are trapped in cycles of debt and servitude.

However, the Constitution’s stance against exploitation empowers authorities to combat these injustices and hold perpetrators accountable.

Protecting the Future Generation

A particularly egregious form of exploitation is the employment of children in hazardous occupations like factories and mines.

The Constitution, cognizant of the inherent vulnerability of children, mandates their protection from such exploitation. By prohibiting child labour and affirming the right to education as a fundamental right, the Constitution lays the groundwork for a more equitable and just society.

Enforcing Rights and Upholding Dignity

While legal safeguards exist, enforcing these rights remains a formidable challenge. The persistence of exploitative practices underscores the need for robust enforcement mechanisms and social awareness campaigns.

Only through concerted efforts can society truly honor the principles of equality and dignity enshrined in the Constitution.

Conclusion

As India marches forward on the path of progress, it must not leave behind those who are most susceptible to exploitation. Strengthening legal protections, enhancing enforcement mechanisms, and fostering a culture of respect for human rights are essential steps in realizing the vision of a society where exploitation has no place.

Right Against Exploitation-FAQs

What does the right against exploitation entail?

The right against exploitation, embedded in the Constitution, prohibits practices like forced labour, human trafficking, and child labor. It aims to safeguard individuals from unjust treatment and ensure their dignity and freedom are respected.

How does the Constitution address forced labour and slavery?

The Constitution unequivocally prohibits forced labour, historically known as begar, and the buying and selling of human beings as slaves. These exploitative practices are deemed criminal offenses, reflecting the state’s commitment to upholding human rights.

What are some contemporary forms of exploitation in India?

Despite legal prohibitions, bonded labor persists in sectors like brick kilns, trapping vulnerable individuals in cycles of debt and servitude. Additionally, the exploitation of children in hazardous occupations remains a pressing concern, highlighting ongoing challenges in enforcing anti-exploitation laws.

How does the Constitution protect children from exploitation?

The Constitution mandates the protection of children from exploitation, specifically prohibiting their employment in hazardous industries like factories and mines. By affirming the right to education as a fundamental right, it underscores the importance of safeguarding the future generation.

What measures can be taken to combat exploitation effectively?

Combating exploitation requires a multi-pronged approach, including robust enforcement of anti-exploitation laws, social awareness campaigns, and measures to address underlying socio-economic inequalities. Strengthening legal protections and fostering a culture of respect for human rights are essential steps in eradicating exploitation from society.