Respiratory Balance Sheet – CBSE Class 11 Notes

Respiratory Balance Sheet: Balance sheet is used for representing the total gain of ATP for each molecule of glucose that is oxidized in the plants. Respiratory Balance Sheet can be drawn only theoretically and it is also assumed that the process of respiration is orderly and sequential. Therefore in other words a balance sheet can be formed for the gain and loss of energy using ATP in a cell.

The Respiratory Balance Sheet

The respiratory balance sheet refers to every living cell which constantly gains or loses energy. A balance sheet can be formed for the gain and loss of energy using ATP in a cell. Respiration is defined as a process of oxidation of glucose molecules to produce ATP. It is also known as a complex biological process that occurs in a cellular state. Cell generates ATP by the oxidation of substrate molecules which are obtained through food consumption.

Respiration

Respiration consists of three steps: Glycolysis Krebs cycle, and Electron Transport Chain. By using these steps it generates the adenosine triphosphate. The attachment of a phosphoryl group (Pi) to adenosine diphosphate (ADP) is known as Phosphorylation. It is also called Direct phosphorylation or oxidative. The process of phosphorylation can be at the substrate level.

Assumptions of ATP Balance Sheet

There are some of the assumptions of the ATP Balance Sheet mentioned below:

• Respiration is a process that is sequential and orderly. The steps of the pathway are glycolysis -> TCA cycle -> ETS pathway.
• Respiration is an isolated pathway and intermediates which is generally formed along the pathway and are not utilized for synthesis.
• The only respiratory substrate which is being used for ATP generation is glucose.
• Each NADH molecule is being produced during glycolysis is transferred into the mitochondria for oxidation phosphorylation purposes.

Balance Sheet

Below is the different balance sheet of aerobic and anaerobic respiration.

Aerobic Respiration

Aerobic respiration is defined as a process of complete combustion of glucose. During the election transport system, oxidation of each NADH molecule produces three ATP whereas FADH₂ molecule which produces two ATP molecules.

1 NADH → 3ATP

1 FADH2 → 2ATP

Reaction aerobic respiration is:

C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ → 6CO₂ + 6H₂0 + 673Kcal

Phase	Molecular change	Cost per glucose molecules	Gain per glucose molecule
Glycolysis	Conversion of glucose (6C) to 2 pyruvates (3C)	2 ATP	4 ATP 2 NADH
oxidation of pyruvates	Conversion of pyruvates (3C) to acetyl group (2C)	Not produced	2 NADH
Krebs cycle	Conversion of citric acid (6C) which is formed by the combination of an acetyl group and oxaloacetate to oxaloacetate (4C)	Not produced	2 ATP 6 NADH 2 FADH2
Electron transport	oxidation of FAH2 and NADH to build water molecules and ATP.	2 ATP	34 ATP

Pathway	NADH (3 ATP)	FADH2 (2 ATP)	ATP	Total
EMP Pathway	2✕3 = 6	–	Produced -2 Used- 2 Total gain – 2	8
2(Pyruvate oxidation to acetyl CoA)	2✕3 = 6	–	–	6
Krebs cycle	6✕3 = 18	2✕2 = 4	2	24
Total	10✕3 = 30	2✕2 = 4	4	38

This table shows how the number of ATP varies in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. The net gain of ATP is 36 in most eukaryotes, whereas it is 38 in prokaryotes.

Anaerobic Respiration

Anaerobic respiration is also known as fermentation which doesn’t cause the complete combustion of glucose. The incomplete combustion ends in the formation of ethanol in bacteria and lactic acid in muscle cells.

Efficiency of Respiration

The efficiency of respiration can be calculated by the below formula:

Efficiency of cellular respiration = [(Number of ATP molecule ✕ energy required to form ATP)/Energy release by oxidation of glucose]* 100

Significance of Respiratory Balance Sheet

Following are the significance of the respiratory balance sheet

• It is used to estimate the net gain of ATP.
• It is used to understand the efficiency of the living system in extraction and storing energy.

FAQs on Respiratory Balance Sheet

1. What do you mean by Respiration in Plants?

Answer:

Respiration in Plants refers to the process of oxidation of glucose molecules to produce ATP. Respiration consists of three steps – Krebs cycle, glycolysis and election transport system.

2. Define the Respiratory Balance Sheet.

Answer:

A Respiratory balance sheet can be formed for the gain and loss of energy using ATP in a cell.

3. Define aerobic respiration ?

Answer:

Aerobic respiration refers to the biological process of complete combustion of glucose. Therefore, in which the food glucose is converted into energy in the presence of oxygen.

4. Write the significance of the Balance sheet?

Answer:

Following are the significance of respiratory balance sheet

• It is used to estimate the net gain of ATP.
• It is used to understand the efficiency of the living system in extraction and storing energy.