Sodium Hydrogen Tartrate Formula

Sodium Hydrogen Tartrate (NaC₄H₅O₆) is also known as a monosodium salt, tartaric acid, and sodium bitartrate. Its IUPAC name is Sodium 3-carboxy-2,3-dihydroxypropionate. It is chemically stable at high temperatures. Due to its stability at high temperatures, it is used in cooking. It is non-reactive as it doesn’t react with metals and other compounds. It is used as a buffering agent. It is used to add acidic foods because it helps to prevent food from rancidity or spoiling. It also shows some antioxidant properties. Due to its antioxidant property, it works as a scavenger for radicals i.e. high reactive species like hydroxyl radicals, and superoxide radicals.

Structure of Sodium Hydrogen Tartrate

Preparation of Sodium Hydrogen Tartrate

• When tartaric acid reacts with sodium carbonate then it gives Sodium hydrogen tartrate.

H₆C₄O₆ + Na₂CO₃ ⇢ C₄H₅O₆Na

• As potassium hydrogen tartrate reacts with sodium hydrogen carbonate then it gives sodium hydrogen tartrate.

C₄H₅O₆K + NaHCO₃ ⇢ C₄H₄O₆KNa

• As tartaric acid reacts with sodium chloride then it gives sodium hydrogen tartrate and hydrochloric acid.

C₄H₆O₆ + NaCl ⇢ C₄H₅O₆Na + HCl

• As tartaric acid reacts with potassium chloride and sodium chloride then it gives sodium hydrogen tartrate and hydrochloric acid.

C₄H₆O₆ + NaCl + KCl ⇢ C₄H₄O₆NaK + HCl

• As Tartaric acid reacts with sodium hydrogen carbonate then it gives sodium hydrogen tartrate.

C₄H₆O₆ + NaHCO₃ ⇢ C₄H₅O₆Na

Physical Properties

• The molecular weight of sodium hydrogen tartrate is 172 g/mol.
• Its colour is a white powder and is odourless.
• Its melting point is 254 degrees Celsius.
• Its pH varies from 3.3 to 3.5.
• It has a non-sooty flame.
• It is soluble in water but insoluble in ethanol. It is moderately soluble in calcium tartrate and highly soluble in sodium tartrate.

Chemical Properties

• As Sodium hydrogen tartrate is heated in the air then it gives carbonic acid and sodium carbonate, water and releases carbon dioxide

2C₄H₅O₆Na + 5O₂ ⇢ H₂CO₃ + Na₂CO₃ + 4H₂O + CO₂

• As sodium hydrogen tartrate reacts with sodium carbonate then it gives potassium bitartrate

C₄H₅O₆Na + K₂CO₃ ⇢ C₄H₄O₆K₂ + CO₂

• As sodium hydrogen tartrate reacts with sodium carbonate then it gives sodium tartrate

C₄H₅O₆Na + Na₂CO₃ ⇢ C₄H₄O₆Na₂ + CO₂

• As sodium hydrogen tartrate reacts with sodium hydrogen carbonate then it gives sodium bitartrate.

C₄H₅O₆Na + NaHCO₃ ⇢ C₄H₄O₆Na₂ + CO₂

• As tartaric acid reacts with potassium chloride and sodium chloride then it gives sodium hydrogen tartrate and hydrochloric acid.

C₄H₆O₆ + NaCl + KCl ⇢ C₄H₄O₆NaK + HCl

Uses

• Sodium hydrogen tartrate is used in baking powder.
• It is used in lacquers.
• It is used as a flavouring agent.
• It is used in forming silver mirrors.
• It is also used in electroplating baths.
• It is also used in maintaining the body’s electrolyte balance.
• It has antioxidant properties because it scavenges highly reactive species.
• It is also used as a buffering agent and can be added to acidic foods to prevent them from spoiling.
• It is also used to test for ammonium cation.

Hazards

Overconsumption of food that contains monosodium salt, will cause side effects. If it is in excess, it causes increased thirst, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhoea and gastrointestinal inflammation.

FAQs on Sodium Hydrogen Tartrate Formula

Question 1: What are the uses of Sodium Hydrogen Tartrate?

Answer:

Sodium hydrogen tartrate used as an emulsifier. It used as buffering agent and can be added tp acidic food to prevent them from spoiling. It is used as flavoring agent. It used in baking powder. It maintain the electrolyte body balance. It is also used in making wines.

Question 2: What is the use of buffer solution?

Answer:

Buffer solution is used to resists the change in pH when small quantities of an acid or base added to it. Acidic buffer solution made from weak acid and one of its salt such a sodium salt. The pH of acidic buffer solution is less than 7. An alkaline buffer solution has pH greater than 7. And alkaline buffer solution made from weak base and one of its salt

Question 3: Is Sodium Hydrogen Tartrate toxic?

Answer:

Sodium hydrogen tartrate caused indigestion i.e. irritation in digestive tract. It also cause skin irritation and eye irritation. If sodium hydrogen tartrate in excess then it cause vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain etc.

Question 4: What is the occurrence of Sodium hydrogen tartrate?

Answer:

It found naturally in grapes, bananas, apple, cherries, strawberries, citrus fruits, tamarinds etc. It has antioxidant properties. Due to antioxidant properties, it scavenges the highly reactive species.

Question 5: What is the crystal type of Sodium bitartrate?

Answer:

The crystal type of Sodium bitartrate is orthorhombic. All axial angle of crystal is equal to 90 degree.