Python – Get Most recent previous business day

Last Updated : 18 Jul, 2021

Given a date, the task is to write a Python program to get the most recent previous business day from the given date.

Example:

Attention geek! Strengthen your foundations with the Python Programming Foundation Course and learn the basics.

To begin with, your interview preparations Enhance your Data Structures concepts with the Python DS Course. And to begin with your Machine Learning Journey, join the Machine Learning - Basic Level Course

Input : test_date = datetime(2020, 1, 31)

Output : 2020-01-30 00:00:00
Explanation : 31 Jan 2020, being a Friday, last business day is thursday, i.e 30 January.
Input : test_date = datetime(2020, 2, 3)
Output : 2020-01-31 00:00:00
Explanation : 3 Feb 2020, being a Monday, last business day is friday, i.e 31 January.

Method 1: Using timedelta() + weekday()

In this, we perform the task of subtracting 3 in the case of Monday, 2 in the case of Sunday, and 1 on all other days. The timedelta() performs the task of subtraction, and conditional statements check for a weekday.

Python3

# Python3 code to demonstrate working of
# Last business day
# using timedelta() + conditional statements + weekday()
from datetime import datetime, timedelta
  
# initializing dates
test_date = datetime(2020, 1, 31)
               
# printing original date
print("The original date is : " + str(test_date))
  
# getting difference
diff = 1
if test_date.weekday() == 0:
    diff = 3
elif test_date.weekday() == 6:
    diff = 2
else :
    diff = 1
      
# subtracting diff 
res = test_date - timedelta(days=diff)
  
# printing result
print("Last business day : " + str(res))

Output:

The original date is : 2020-01-31 00:00:00
Last business day : 2020-01-30 00:00:00

Method 2: Using max() + % operator + timedelta()

Perform tasks in similar way, only difference being method to compute difference changes to get max() and % operator.

Python3

# Python3 code to demonstrate working of
# Last business day
# using max() + % operator + timedelta() 
from datetime import datetime, timedelta
  
# initializing dates
test_date = datetime(2020, 1, 31)
               
# printing original date
print("The original date is : " + str(test_date))
  
# getting difference
# using max() to get differences 
diff = max(1, (test_date.weekday() + 6) % 7 - 3)
      
# subtracting diff 
res = test_date - timedelta(days=diff)
  
# printing result
print("Last business day : " + str(res))

Output:

The original date is : 2020-01-31 00:00:00
Last business day : 2020-01-30 00:00:00

Method 3 : Using pd.tseries.offsets.BusinessDay(n)

In this, we create a Business day offset of 1 day, and subtract from the date initialized. This returns the previous business day as desired.

Python3

# Python3 code to demonstrate working of
# Last business day
# using pd.tseries.offsets.BusinessDay(n)
import pandas as pd
from datetime import datetime
  
# initializing dates
test_date = datetime(2020, 2, 3)
  
# printing original date
print("The original date is : " + str(test_date))
  
# Creating Timestamp
ts = pd.Timestamp(str(test_date))
  
# Create an offset of 1 Business days
offset = pd.tseries.offsets.BusinessDay(n=1)
  
# getting result by subtracting offset
res = test_date - offset
  
# printing result
print("Last business day : " + str(res))

Output :

The original date is : 2020-02-03 00:00:00
Last business day : 2020-01-31 00:00:00

My Personal Notes

Related Articles

Related Articles

Python – Get Most recent previous business day

Python3

Python3

Python3