Mathematical Functions in Python | Set 4 (Special Functions and Constants)

Some of the mathematical functions are discussed in below set 1, set 2 and set 3
Mathematical Functions in Python | Set 1 (Numeric Functions)
Mathematical Functions in Python | Set 2 (Logarithmic and Power Functions)
Mathematical Functions in Python | Set 3 (Trigonometric and Angular Functions)

Special Functions and constants are discussed in this article.

1. gamma() :- This function is used to return the gamma function of the argument.

# Python code to demonstrate the working of
# gamma()

# importing "math" for mathematical operations
import math

a = 4

# returning the gamma() of 4
print ("The gamma() of 4 is : ", end="")
print (math.gamma(a))

Output:

The gamma() of 4 is : 6.0

2. pi :- This is an inbuilt constant that outputs the value of pi(3.141592).

3. e :- This is an inbuilt constant that outputs the value of e(2.718281).

# Python code to demonstrate the working of
# const. pi and e

# importing "math" for mathematical operations
import math

# returning the value of const. pi
print ("The value of const. pi is : ", end="")
print (math.pi)

# returning the value of const. e
print ("The value of const. e is : ", end="")
print (math.e)

Output:

The value of const. pi is : 3.141592653589793
The value of const. e is : 2.718281828459045

4. inf :- This is a positive floating point infinity constant. -inf is used to denote the negative floating point infinity. This constant is defined in python 3.5 and above.

5. isinf() :- This function is used to check whether the value is an infinity or not.

6. nan :- This constant denotes “Not a number” in python. This constant is defined in python 3.5 and above.

7. isnan() :- This function returns true if the number is “nan” else returns false.

# Python code to demonstrate the working of
# inf, nan, isinf(), isnan()

# importing "math" for mathematical operations
import math

# checking if number is nan
if (math.isnan(math.nan)):
       print ("The number is nan")
else : print ("The number is not nan")

# checking if number is positive infinity
if (math.isinf(math.inf)):
       print ("The number is positive infinity")
else : print ("The number is not positive infinity")

Output:

The number is nan
The number is positive infinity

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