malloc() vs new

Following are the differences between malloc() and operator new.:

1. Calling Constructors: new calls constructors, while malloc() does not. In fact primitive data types (char, int, float.. etc) can also be initialized with new. For example, below program prints 10.

   #include<iostream>
   
   using namespace std;
   
   int main()
   {
      int *n = new int(10); // initialization with new()
      cout << *n;
      getchar();
      return 0;
   }
   

2. operator vs function: new is an operator, while malloc() is a function.
3. return type: new returns exact data type, while malloc() returns void *.
4. Failure Condition: On failure, malloc() returns NULL where as new Throws.
5. Memory: In case of new, memory is allocated from free store where as in malloc() memory allocation is done from heap.
6. Overriding: We are allowed to override new operator where as we can not override the malloc() function legally.
7. Size: Required size of memory is calculated by compiler for new, where as we have to manually calculate size for malloc().

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