What is the difference between single quoted and double quoted declaration of char array?

In C/C++, when a character array is initialized with a double quoted string and array size is not specified, compiler automatically allocates one extra space for string terminator ‘\0’. For example, following program prints 6 as output.

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
  // size of arr[] is 6 as it is '\0' terminated
  char arr[] = "geeks";

  printf("%lu", sizeof(arr));

  return 0;
}

Output :

6

If array size is specified as 5 in the above program then the program works without any warning/error and prints 5 in C, but causes compilation error in C++.

// Works in C, but compilation error in C++
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
  // arr[] is not terminated with '\0'
  // and its size is 5
  char arr[5] = "geeks";

  printf("%lu", sizeof(arr));

  return 0;
}

Output :

5

When character array is initialized with comma separated list of characters and array size is not specified, compiler doesn’t create extra space for string terminator ‘\0’. For example, following program prints 5.

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
  // arr[] is not terminated with '\0'
  // and its size is 5
  char arr[]= {'g', 'e', 'e', 'k', 's'};

  printf("%lu", sizeof(arr));

  return 0;
}

Output :

5

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