Child Harassment – Protection Law, Types and Importance of Child Protection

Child Harassment encompasses various forms of abuse, exploitation, or mistreatment inflicted upon children, including physical, emotional, sexual, or cyber harassment. There are several consequences to child harassment that impact a child’s physical and mental well-being, often leaving lasting scars into adulthood. Child harassment is a deeply troubling issue that demands urgent attention and collective action.

The impact of child harassment on children is far-reaching, affecting their mental and emotional health. It is important to recognize the seriousness of this issue and work towards immediate solutions. Moreover, academic performance, social relationships, and overall development can be significantly hampered, creating a cycle of problems.

What is Child Harassment?

Intentional maltreatment of a kid under the age of eighteen is known as child abuse. It can occur in person or virtually, and it can be emotional, sexual, or physical. Neglect, which is defined as a lack of love, care, & attention, is another possibility. “All forms of physical as well as emotional ill-treatment, sexual abuse, neglect or negligent treatment, or commercial or other exploitation” is how the World Health Organisation (WHO) defines child abuse.

Forms of Child Harassment

Child harassment can be witnessed in various forms and natures, each posing a serious threat to the mental and physical well-being of a child. Thus, it is important to recognize and understand each of the signs of child harassment to effectively address and prevent such cases.

• Physical abuse: involves the intentional infliction of bodily harm or injury on a child by a family member, teacher, or any other stranger. This may include hitting, slapping, kicking, or any form of physical aggression.
• Emotional or psychological abuse: This involves shouting or causing emotional distress, damaging the child’s mental health. This can also involve constant criticism, humiliation, or manipulation, undermining the child’s self-esteem.
• Sexual abuse: This includes inappropriate sexual behavior or exploitation of a child. This can range from unwanted touching to more severe forms of sexual assault, causing significant psychological trauma.
• Neglect: Failure to provide a child with the necessary care, attention, or supervision. Neglect can impact a child’s physical, emotional, and developmental well-being. Neglect can also be inflicted by deserting a child, leaving them without proper care and support. These may cause abandonment issues in a child. Abandonment can lead to feelings of rejection, insecurity, and emotional trauma.
• Bullying: This involves repetitive, intentional aggression aimed at causing harm to a child. Bullying can manifest physically, verbally, or through cyberspace, creating a hostile environment. Cyberbullying is also a common form of child harassment that takes place through digital platforms. It includes activities such as cyberbullying, online stalking, or any form of harassment perpetrated through technology.
• Child Labor: Exploitative employment of children, depriving them of their right to education, play, and a safe environment, is called child labor. Child labour can have severe consequences for physical and mental health.
• Child Marriage: Forcing a child into marriage before the legal age is called child marriage. Child marriage denies children their rights, exposes them to potential abuse, and hinders their personal development.
• Exploitation: This involves the use of a child for personal or financial gain. This can include child trafficking, child labour, or forcing a child into illegal activities.
• Discrimination: treating a child unfairly or unjustly based on factors such as gender, ethnicity, religion, or socio-economic status. Discrimination can negatively impact a child’s self-worth and opportunities.

Protection from Child Harassment in India

India has established a strong policy and legal framework aimed at safeguarding the rights and well-being of children and fostering equal access to quality protection services. The foundational legislation for child protection in the country comprises four main laws: The Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection) Act (2000, amended in 2015); The Prohibition of Child Marriage Act (2006); The Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act (2012); and The Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act (1986, amended in 2016).

In recent years, significant efforts have been taken to enhance the judicial process, particularly in addressing cybercrimes against children and women. The establishment of fast-track courts reflects a commitment to expedite the legal proceedings in such cases. Notably, in 2019, the Protection of Children from Sexual Offenses Bill underwent amendments, introducing stricter penalties for individuals found guilty of committing sexual offences against children. These legislative measures underscore India’s dedication to reinforcing the protection of children and ensuring a safer environment for their growth and development.

Impacts of Child Harassment

Child harassment is a serious issue that affects young people. It involves harmful actions or mistreatment, causing emotional or physical pain. The impact can be long-lasting, affecting a child’s well-being and development. Understanding and addressing this issue is crucial to create a safe and supportive environment for all children. The impact of Child Harassment are as follows:

• Physical Consequences: Physical abuse can lead to immediate injuries such as bruises, cuts, fractures, or internal injuries. It is also to be noted that prolonged stress from harassment can contribute to health problems, affecting the child’s immune system and overall well-being.
• Emotional and Psychological Effects: Children who experience harassment may develop anxiety and depression, impacting their ability to cope with daily challenges. Constant criticism and emotional abuse can erode a child’s self-esteem, leading to feelings of worthlessness. Lastly, severe cases of harassment, especially those involving trauma, can result in PTSD (Post stress disorder), causing flashbacks, nightmares, and heightened stress responses.
• Behavioural Changes: Children may exhibit aggressive behaviour or, conversely, withdraw from social interactions as a coping mechanism. Some children may engage in risky behaviours as a way to cope with the stress and trauma they are experiencing.
• Academic Impact: Harassment can distract a child from their studies, leading to poor academic performance and a lack of interest in learning. The fear of encountering harassment at school may also lead to school avoidance or dropout rates.
• Social Challenges : Victims of harassment may isolate themselves from peers, family, and friends due to feelings of shame or fear. Harassment can hinder a child’s ability to trust others, making it challenging to form healthy relationships.

How to Prevent Child Harassment?

Preventive measures play a pivotal role in addressing child harassment. Education and awareness initiatives, both within schools and communities, can empower children to recognize and report abuse. Parents, as primary caregivers, should actively engage in open communication, fostering trust and vigilance. Governments must enact and enforce effective laws against child harassment, ensuring that perpetrators face severe consequences.

In the digital age, ensuring the online safety of children is paramount. Education on responsible internet use, potential risks associated with sharing personal information online, and protection against cyberbullying are crucial components of preventive strategies.

Community support and counselling services provide essential avenues for children to express their feelings and seek assistance. Schools, being critical environments for child development, should implement anti-bullying programs and counselling services, and create positive and inclusive atmospheres.

Encouraging children to report harassment and establishing confidential reporting mechanisms are essential components of an effective protective framework. International collaboration is also critical, as child harassment is a global issue. Sharing best practices, research, and resources can contribute to a comprehensive and coordinated effort to protect children worldwide.

Conclusion

In conclusion, safeguarding children from harassment is a collective responsibility that necessitates proactive measures, education, and continuous advocacy. By addressing the root causes, understanding the various forms of harassment, and implementing comprehensive preventive measures, we can create a safer world for our children, allowing them to grow and thrive without fear.

FAQs on Protect Child Harassment

State one act of Child rights protection in India

One key act for child rights protection in India is The Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection) Act. This legislation, amended in 2015, focuses on the care, protection, and rehabilitation of children in conflict with the law and those in need of care and protection, emphasizing their rights and well-being.

Define Harassment.

Harassment refers to the persistent and unwanted behaviour, actions, or conduct that causes distress, discomfort, or fear to an individual. It can manifest in various forms, including verbal, physical, or online, and is typically characterized by its repetitive and harmful nature.

How important is it to protect your child?

Protecting your child is of paramount importance as it ensures their physical, emotional, and psychological well-being, laying the foundation for a healthy and secure future. It fosters a nurturing environment where children can grow, learn, and thrive, contributing to their overall development and happiness.

Discuss the “5 P’s” related to child protection

The “5 P’s” in child protection emphasize a comprehensive approach, including preventive measures, immediate protection responses, provision of necessary services, active participation of children in decision-making, and collaborative partnerships among stakeholders.

State four forms of Child rights.

Child rights encompass survival rights, ensuring access to life, healthcare, and a safe environment; protection rights, safeguarding children from abuse and exploitation; development rights, facilitating education and personal growth; and participation rights, upholding their right to express opinions and be involved in decisions.