Arithmetic Reasoning: Concepts, Questions & Solutions

Arithmetic reasoning is an important skill that involves using principles of math to solve real-world practical problems and make informed decisions. The process of arithmetic reasoning includes analyzing numbers, identifying patterns, and drawing logical conclusions. This makes arithmetic reasoning a valuable skill in various aspects of life, from academics to everyday challenges.

Arithmetic reasoning extends beyond basic math operations and dives into the realm of problem-solving, where individuals must discover complex mathematical relationships and interpret data. It is a much-needed skill in the fields of finance, engineering, and science, and even in day-to-day activities like shopping and budgeting.

Arithmetic Reasoning – Solved Examples

1. If the sum of three consecutive even numbers is 120, what is the second number?

a) 38

b) 40

c) 42

d) 44

Answer: b) 40

Explanation: Let the three numbers be x, x+2, and x+4. According to the given information, x + (x+2) + (x+4) = 120. Solve for x, and you’ll find the second number is 40.

2. If a car travels at a constant speed of 55 miles per hour, how long will it take to cover a distance of 165 miles?

a) 2 hours

b) 3 hours

c) 4 hours

d) 5 hours

Answer: b) 3 hours

Explanation: To cover 165 miles at a speed of 55 miles per hour, it will take 165 miles / 55 miles per hour = 3 hours.

3. A recipe calls for 2 cups of sugar to make 24 cookies. How many cups of sugar are needed to make 36 cookies using the same recipe?

a) 2 cups

b) 3 cups

c) 4 cups

d) 5 cups

Answer: b) 3 cups

Explanation: To make 36 cookies, you need 1.5 times the amount of sugar, so 2 cups x 1.5 = 3 cups of sugar.

4. If a book costs $15 and you buy three books, how much will you pay in total?

a) $15

b) $30

c) $40

d) $45

Answer: b) $45

Explanation: Three books each costing $15 will amount to 3 x $15 = $45.

5. A rectangular garden is 8 feet long and 6 feet wide. What is the area of the garden in square feet?

a) 14 square feet

b) 24 square feet

c) 30 square feet

d) 48 square feet

Answer: b) 48 square feet

Explanation: The area of the rectangular garden is length x width = 8 feet x 6 feet = 48 square feet.

6. If the price of a product is increased by 20% and the new price is $60, what was the original price?

a) $45

b) $50

c) $55

d) $48

Answer: c) $50

Explanation: If the new price is 120% (100% + 20%) of the original price and is $60, then the original price was $60 / 1.20 = $50.

7. The sum of three consecutive odd numbers is 63. What is the largest of these numbers?

a) 19

b) 21

c) 23

d) 25

Answer: d) 25

Explanation: Let the three numbers be x, x+2, and x+4. According to the given information, x + (x+2) + (x+4) = 63. Solve for x, and you’ll find the largest number is 19.

8. If the cost of 5 oranges is $2.50, what is the cost of 8 oranges?

a) $2.00

b) $3.20

c) $4.00

d) $4.80

Answer: d) $4.00

Explanation: The cost of 1 orange is $2.50 / 5 = $0.50. So, the cost of 8 oranges is 8 x $0.50 = $4.00.

9. A factory produces 450 widgets in a day. How many widgets will it produce in 5 days?

a) 2,250 widgets

b) 2,2500 widgets

c) 22,500 widgets

d) 225,000 widgets

Answer: a) 2,250 widgets

Explanation: In 5 days, the factory will produce 450 widgets/day x 5 days = 2,250 widgets.

10. If a train travels at a speed of 70 kilometers per hour, how long will it take to cover a distance of 350 kilometers?

a) 3 hours

b) 4 hours

c) 5 hours

d) 6 hours

Answer: c) 5 hours

Explanation: To cover 350 kilometers at a speed of 70 kilometers per hour, it will take 350 kilometers / 70 kilometers per hour = 5 hours.

Related Resources

1. Logical Arrangement Of Words
2. Data Sufficiency in Logical Reasoning
3. Direction Sense Test

Conclusion

Arithmetic Reasoning is a must have skill in todays world as it enables you to solve real world problems. We have shared some of the arithmetic reasoning questions with solutions, as this will help you practice and understand the working of arithmetic reasoning questions.

We hope you find this article on Arithmetic Reasoning helpful, you can visit us again to practice more questions and broaden your understanding on arithmetic reasoning.