104 amendment of Indian Constitution: Events and Timeline

The 104th Amendment of the Indian Constitution passed in 2019, abolished the reservation of seats for Anglo-Indians in the Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies. It concurrently extended the reservations for Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes (STs) for an additional decade, ensuring continued political representation for these marginalized communities.

The amendment reflects a commitment to maintaining the Constitution’s inclusive principles while adapting to evolving social dynamics. The 104th Amendment of the Indian Constitution was enacted on January 25, 2020. This amendment removed the reservation seats for Anglo-Indian members. This amendment also extended the reservation for SCs and STs for the next ten years.

In this article, We have covered the 104th Amendment of the Indian Constitution in Detail.

104 Amendment of Indian Constitution

104 Amendment of the Indian Constitution

The 104th Amendment of the Indian Constitution, enacted in 2019, primarily focused on two aspects:

1. Ceasing Reservation for Anglo-Indians:
   • The amendment abolished the provision for reserving seats in the Lok Sabha (House of the People) and State Legislative Assemblies for members of the Anglo-Indian community.
   • Earlier, Article 334 of the Indian Constitution had provided reservations for Anglo-Indians in the Parliament and state legislatures, which was extended periodically through various amendments.
2. Extension of Reservations for SCs and STs:
   • The 104th Amendment extended the deadline for reservations of seats for Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes (STs) in the Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies for an additional ten years.
   • This extension aimed to continue the policy of ensuring political participation and representation for these socially disadvantaged groups.

104 Amendment of Indian Constitution Timeline

The following is the list of events from the 104 Amendment of the Indian Constitution:

Date	Event
1950	Indian Constitution establishes reservations for Anglo-Indians, SCs, and STs.
1960	Eighth Amendment extends reservations for ten years until 1970.
1969	Twenty-Third Amendment extends reservations until 1980; ends ST reservation in Nagaland.
1980	Forty-Fifth Amendment extends reservations until 1990.
1989	Sixty-Second Amendment extends reservations until 2000.
1999	Seventy-Ninth Amendment extends reservations until 2010.
2009	Ninety-Fifth Amendment extends reservations until 2020.
2010	Scheduled expiration of reservations; further extended by 104th Amendment until 2030.
January 25, 2020	104th Amendment comes into effect, ceases Anglo-Indian reservations, and extends SC/ST reservations to 2030.

The 104 Amendment Act of the Indian Constitution was passed by the Lok Sabha on December 9, 2019 by Ravi Shankar Prasad, Minister of Law and Justice. This act was passed by the Rajya Sabha on December 12, 2019. Finally, this Act commenced on January 25, 2020.

Major Changes in 104 Amendment of Indian Constitution

The 104th Amendment of the Indian Constitution, effective from January 25, 2020, brought about significant changes. It abolished the reservation of seats for Anglo-Indians in the Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies. Additionally, the amendment extended reservations for Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes (STs) for ten more years, until January 25, 2030. This legislative move aimed to maintain the Constitution’s inclusive character and address the historically disadvantaged position of SCs and STs in various spheres.

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Reservation of SCs and STs in the Indian Constitution

In ancient times, due to the caste system, society was divided into an upper class and a lower class. The lower class was suppressed by the upper class. Lower-class people were not able to uplift themselves. These backward groups fall under SCs and STs. SCs and STs are those groups of society that fall under the socially and economically backward classes. Indian Constitution makers were concerned about these groups of society after independence.

Need for 104 Constitutional Amendments

For the advancement of these backward groups, the reservation system was implemented. As per Article 334 of the Indian Constitution, Anglo-Indians, Scheduled Castes, and Scheduled Tribes have been provided with reserved seats in the Indian Parliament, state assemblies, and urban and rural-level organizations since 1950. Various amendments have been made to extend this reservation every 10 years. The last extension in 2010 was to expire on January 26, 2020, and was extended by the 104th Constitutional Amendment Act for a period of 10 years until 2023.

Conclusion on 104 amendment of Indian Constitution

In conclusion, the 104 Amendment Act was passed in Lok Sabha on December 9, 2019 by Ravi Shankar Prasad and came into effect on January 25, 2020. This act removed the reservation seats for Anglo-Indian members. Besides, through this act, reservation seats for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes have been increased. In the above article, we have provided complete information about the 104th Amendment Act of the Indian Constitution.

FAQs on 104 Amendment of Indian Constitution

1. What is another name for Lok Sabha?

The House of Commons, or lower house, is another name for Lok Sabha.

2. Who introduced the bill of 104 amendments to the Indian Constitution in Lok Sabha?

Ravi Shankar Prasad, the Minister of Law and Justice, proposed this bill for the first time in the Lok Sabha in 2019.

3. Which commission proposed a reservation for OBCs (other backward classes)?

The Mandal Commission proposed reservations for OBCs.