GATE | GATE-CS-2014-(Set-3) | Question 65

The memory access time is 1 nanosecond for a read operation with a hit in cache, 5 nanoseconds for a read operation with a miss in cache, 2 nanoseconds for a write operation with a hit in cache and 10 nanoseconds for a write operation with a miss in cache. Execution of a sequence of instructions involves 100 instruction fetch operations, 60 memory operand read operations and 40 memory operand write operations. The cache hit-ratio is 0.9. The average memory access time (in nanoseconds) in executing the sequence of instructions is __________.

(A)

1.26

(B)

1.68

(C)

2.46

(D)

4.52

Answer: (B)

Explanation:

The question is to find the time taken for,
\"100 fetch operation and 60 operand red operations and 40 memory
operand write operations\"/\"total number of instructions\".

Total number of instructions= 100+60+40 =200

Time taken for 100 fetch operations(fetch =read)
= 100*((0.9*1)+(0.1*5)) // 1 corresponds to time taken for read 
                        // when there is cache hit

= 140 ns //0.9 is cache hit rate

Time taken for 60 read operations = 60*((0.9*1)+(0.1*5))
                                  = 84ns

Time taken for 40 write operations = 40*((0.9*2)+(0.1*10)) 
                                   = 112 ns

// Here 2 and 10 the time taken for write when there is cache 
// hit and no cache hit respectively

So,the total time taken for 200 operations is = 140+84+112 
                                             = 336ns

Average time taken = time taken per operation = 336/200 
                                              = 1.68 ns 

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