Consider a linear running track. Some racers are running on the track between a particular segment. A person is trying to take pictures of every racer. The person can take a picture of a racer if he stands anywhere between the racer’s running track segment i.e. between the start and end point of the racer. Given the starting and ending point of N racers and an integer D denoting the initial position of the person taking pictures. The task is to find the minimum distance the person has to move in order to take the picture of every racer from the final point. If it is impossible to take the pictures of every racer then print -1.
Examples:
Input: start[] = {0, 2, 4}, end[] = {7, 14, 6}, D = 3
Output: 1
The segments are:
0 . . . . . . 7
. . 2 . . . . . . . . . . . 14
. . . . 4 . 6
. . . d
Hence, the person has to move towards 4 i.e. 1 unit.Input: start[] = {1, 2}, end[] = {2, 3}, D = 2
Output: 0
Approach: The above problem can be solved by observation, that the person has to be ahead of each racer before they start the race and finish it. So if he is in the range of the racer starting last and the racer ending first, he can take the picture, else not.
Find the maximum value of the starting point say left and the minimum value of the ending point say right among all the given racers. Now,
- left > right then it is impossible for the person to take pictures and print -1.
- If D is within the range [left, right] then the person doesn’t need to move and the answer will be 0.
- Else the person has to move min(abs(left – D), abs(right – D)).
Below is the implementation of the above approach:
// C++ implementation of the approach #include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std;
// Function to return the minimum // distance the person has to move // int order to get the pictures int minDistance( int start[], int end[], int n, int d)
{ // To store the minimum ending point
int left = INT_MIN;
// To store the maximum starting point
int right = INT_MAX;
// Find the values of minSeg and maxSeg
for ( int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
left = max(left, start[i]);
right = min(right, end[i]);
}
// Impossible
if (left > right)
return -1;
// The person doesn't need to move
if (d >= left && d <= right)
return 0;
// Get closer to the left point
if (d < left)
return (left - d);
// Get closer to the right point
if (d > right)
return (d - right);
} // Driver code int main()
{ int start[] = { 0, 2, 4 };
int end[] = { 7, 14, 6 };
int n = sizeof (start) / sizeof ( int );
int d = 3;
cout << minDistance(start, end, n, d);
return 0;
} |
// Java implementation for the above approach import java.io.*;
class GFG
{ // Function to return the minimum
// distance the person has to move
// int order to get the pictures
static int minDistance( int start[], int end[], int n,
int d)
{
// To store the minimum ending point
int left = Integer.MIN_VALUE;
// To store the maximum starting point
int right = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
// Find the values of minSeg and maxSeg
for ( int i = 0 ; i < n; i++) {
left = Math.max(left, start[i]);
right = Math.min(right, end[i]);
}
// Impossible
if (left > right)
return - 1 ;
// The person doesn't need to move
if (d >= left && d <= right)
return 0 ;
// Get closer to the left point
if (d < left)
return (left - d);
// Get closer to the right point
if (d > right)
return (d - right);
return - 1 ;
}
// Driver code
public static void main(String[] args)
{
int start[] = { 0 , 2 , 4 };
int end[] = { 7 , 14 , 6 };
int n = start.length;
int d = 3 ;
System.out.println(minDistance(start, end, n, d));
}
} // This code is contributed by Potta Lokesh |
# Python3 program for the above approach import sys
# Function to return the minimum # distance the person has to move # order to get the pictures def minDistance(start, end, n, d) :
# To store the minimum ending point
left = - sys.maxsize
# To store the maximum starting point
right = sys.maxsize
# Find the values of minSeg and maxSeg
for i in range (n) :
left = max (left, start[i])
right = min (right, end[i])
# Impossible
if (left > right):
return - 1
# The person doesn't need to move
if (d > = left and d < = right):
return 0
# Get closer to the left point
if (d < left) :
return (left - d)
# Get closer to the right point
if (d > right) :
return (d - right)
# Driver code start = [ 0 , 2 , 4 ]
end = [ 7 , 14 , 6 ]
n = len (start)
d = 3
print (minDistance(start, end, n, d))
# This code is contributed by target_2. |
// C# program for above approach using System;
class GFG{
// Function to return the minimum // distance the person has to move // int order to get the pictures static int minDistance( int [] start, int [] end,
int n, int d)
{ // To store the minimum ending point
int left = Int32.MinValue;
// To store the maximum starting point
int right = Int32.MaxValue;
// Find the values of minSeg and maxSeg
for ( int i = 0; i < n; i++)
{
left = Math.Max(left, start[i]);
right = Math.Min(right, end[i]);
}
// Impossible
if (left > right)
return -1;
// The person doesn't need to move
if (d >= left && d <= right)
return 0;
// Get closer to the left point
if (d < left)
return (left - d);
// Get closer to the right point
if (d > right)
return (d - right);
return -1;
} // Driver Code public static void Main(String[] args)
{ int [] start = { 0, 2, 4 };
int [] end = { 7, 14, 6 };
int n = start.Length;
int d = 3;
Console.Write(minDistance(start, end, n, d));
} } // This code is contributed by sanjoy_62 |
<script> // JavaScript implementation of the approach // Function to return the minimum // distance the person has to move // int order to get the pictures function minDistance(start, intend, n, d) {
// To store the minimum ending point
let left = Number.MIN_SAFE_INTEGER;
// To store the maximum starting point
let right = Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER;
// Find the values of minSeg and maxSeg
for (let i = 0; i < n; i++) {
left = Math.max(left, start[i]);
right = Math.min(right, end[i]);
}
// Impossible
if (left > right) return -1;
// The person doesn't need to move
if (d >= left && d <= right) return 0;
// Get closer to the left point
if (d < left) return left - d;
// Get closer to the right point
if (d > right) return d - right;
} // Driver code let start = [0, 2, 4]; let end = [7, 14, 6]; let n = start.length; let d = 3; document.write(minDistance(start, end, n, d)); </script> |
1
Time complexity: O(N) where N is the number of racers
Auxiliary space: O(1)