string.h is a standard header file in the C language that contains functions for manipulating strings (arrays of characters). <string.h> header file contains some useful string functions that can be directly used in a program by invoking the #include preprocessor directive.
Syntax:
#include <string.h>
Example:
C
// C program to demonstrate the use of C string.h //header file #include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> int main()
{ // initializing some strings
char str1[20] = "Geeksfor" ;
char str2[20] = "Geeks" ;
// using strlen(), strcat()
printf ( "Str1: %s\n" , str1);
printf ( "Length of Str1 before concatenation: %d\n" ,
strlen (str1));
strcat (str1, str2); // concatenating str1 and str2
printf ( "Str1: %s\n" , str1);
return 0;
} |
Output
Str1: Geeksfor Length of Str1 before concatenation: 8 Str1: GeeksforGeeks
C string.h Library Functions
<string.h> header file contains the following functions:
Function Name |
Function Description |
---|---|
Returns the length of the string. | |
Copy one string to another. | |
strncpy() |
Copy first n characters of one string to another. |
Concatenates two strings. | |
Concatenates first n characters of one string to another. | |
Compares two strings. | |
strncmp() |
Compares first n characters of two strings. |
strchr() |
Find the first occurrence of the given character in the string. |
strrchr() |
Finds the last occurrence of the given characters in the string. |
Find the given substring in the string. | |
Returns the span of the source string not containing any character of the given string. | |
Returns the span of the source string containing only the characters of the given string. | |
Finds the first occurrence of any of the characters of the given string in the source string. | |
strtok() |
Split the given string into tokens based on some character as a delimiter. |
strcoll() |
Compares two strings that are passed. |
Initialize a block of memory with the given character. | |
memcmp() |
Compares two blocks of memory. |
Copy two blocks of memory. | |
Moves two blocks of memory. | |
memchr() |
Finds the given character in the block of memory. |
Example:
C
// C program to demonstrate the use of different functions // of string.h library #include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> // defining the common size of the string arrays #define size 50 int main()
{ char destString[size] = "Geeksfor" ;
char sourceString[size] = "Geeks" ;
char tempDestString[size];
printf ( "Length of Destination String: %d\n" ,
strlen (destString));
// copying sourceString to tempDestString using strcpy()
strcpy (tempDestString, sourceString);
printf ( "tempDestString after strcpy(): %s\n" ,
tempDestString);
// concatenating source to destination using strcat()
strcat (destString, sourceString);
printf ( "destString after Concatenation: %s\n" ,
destString);
// comparison using strcmp()
printf ( "Comparing destString with sourceString: %d\n" ,
strcmp (destString, sourceString));
printf ( "Comparing first 5 characters: %d\n" ,
strncmp (destString, sourceString, 5));
// searching substring using strstr()
printf ( "Searching sourceString in destString: %s\n" ,
strstr (destString, sourceString));
return 0;
} |
Output
Length of Destination String: 8 tempDestString after strcpy(): Geeks destString after Concatenation: GeeksforGeeks Comparing destString with sourceString: 102 Comparing first 5 characters: 0 Searching sourceString in destString: GeeksforGeeks
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