Today’s world has lots of high-quality videos, 3D games, and graphic design software that show complex and detailed digital images. Showing these images is very demanding and normal computer processors (CPUs) can’t handle everything needed. So special video cards were invented to help with graphics processing. Video cards are addon cards inserted into desktop computer motherboards. They have a special chip called a graphics processing unit (GPU) designed just for graphics work.
CPUs are general-purpose processors that run programs and operating systems. GPUs focus on the huge number of repetitive math calculations needed to manipulate and show digital images. All those textures, lights, and shadows require parallel matrix math that GPUs can optimize. Video cards hold extra video memory for quick access to pixel colors and textures. They use PCI Express connections and ports like HDMI to move image data quickly to displays. Advanced cooling keeps cards stable under heavy use. The modular design allows people to customize and upgrade graphics power.
What is a Video Card?
A video card is also known as a graphics card, its a specialized hardware component of a computer that is responsible for processing and rendering visual information and displaying it on the screen with the help of the CPU. Their main task is to manipulate to pixels displayed on the screen. They modify the pixels from small text to explosions in high graphics games. The better the graphic card is the more tiny details you can see on the screen. Also, the screen transition will be smoother and can display more frames per second.
Video Card Diagram
Key Components of Video Card
- Graphics Processing Unit (GPU): It is most important part of video or graphic card. Because it performs all the computations for representing visuals on the screen. Deciding number, size of pixels, rendering, shader execution are the main tasks of GPU. When it performs these calculations it becomes hot which can harm other components a fan is used above it so that its heat constantly go out.
- V-RAM (Video Memory): All the calculations graphical data needed to be stored somewhere so that it could be easily accessed when needed. It is the space for storing all the visual elements. This is much faster than the memory which we use on hard disk because frames change very quickly when we play games, videos etc. So data needs to be accessed quickly.
- Memory Interface or Bandwidth: We need to send data from video memory to GPU for processing. Memory Interface is the path which connects the GPU to VRAM. So a wider bandwidth allows more data to transfer which allows more complex graphical tasks and helps in handling large textures effectively. Memory bandwidth is the speed at which data is transferred between GPU and VRAM generally measured in GB per second. It directly depends upon memory interface width and memory clock speed.
- Clock Speed: Clock speed is the speed of GPU. It is the speed at which GPU processes data. Higher clock speed means GPU is processing data very fast, and it will influence the overall performance of Video card. It is measured in MHz or GHz.
- Ports: We know that a graphic card and a screen are two different components but the graphics, images or video is shown on the screen. So we need to transfer data from graphics card to output device. This this done through ports. Ports help in connecting the video card with the external display devices. There are multiple ports in different video cards like like HDMI, Display port.
Display Ports of Video Card
Modern video cards provide output ports to connect monitors and displays for video output. Popular display interfaces found on graphics cards include:
- HDMI Ports: HDMI stands for High Definition Multimedia Interface ports, as we know that nowadays video or images playing are not only limited to computers or tv but we use big monitors, projectors which can support up to 4k to 8K resolutions. For these high resolution purposes HDMI is preferred.
- DisplayPort: DisplayPort is a digital display interface standard designed for high resolutions and refresh rates. Versions support up to 8K at 60Hz refresh rates with HDR color. Provides greater bandwidth than HDMI.
- DVI Port: Digital Visual Interface ports support digital connections with monitors not exceeding 1440p resolutions. Declining in popularity today.
- VGA Port: Analog Video Graphics Array port for older CRT monitors upto 1080p resolution. Legacy standard but offers wider compatibility.
In addition, some high-end GPUs also incorporate USB Type-C ports with DisplayPort alt mode for driving monitors through USB-C connectivity. Multiple ports allow simultaneous multi-display connectivity.
- PCI Express Slot: Video cards feature a PCI Express interface slot, commonly x16 physical wide, to install directly into the compatible PCIe x16 slots on computer motherboards for data transfer and power delivery. Enables video card modularity.
- Auxiliary Power Connectors: Higher-end graphics cards require extra power through auxiliary power cables from the PSU such as 8-pin or 6-pin PCIe power connectors. Supplements power from PCIe slot.
Applications of Video Card
Video cards are very necessary in computer nowadays due to there wide applications. Some of most common applications of video cards are
- Gaming: Day by day graphic quality in video games is improving a lot. Now the games have realistic graphics which requires real time rendering of complex environment. Also they need a high frame rate for the games for running smooth and give a good experience. So powerful video cards are required for rendering to achieve higher frame rates.
- Graphic designing and modelling: They are very crucial for graphic designing. Without help of powerful graphic cards a lot of tasks in graphic designing are not possible like like 3D modelling, animation, rendering, and video encoding. 3d modelling also rely on video cards for creating high resolution graphics.
- VR (Virtual Reality): Virtual reality is one of important achievements in technology which requires good video cards. We know that in VR we see an environment which is realistic creating such showing such complex graphics, rendering them is possible with help of graphic cards.
- Medical Imaging: The applications of Video cards are not limited to computers. But they are used in various fields for image and video processing. Like in computed tomography (CT) scans, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and ultrasound. They work in the way that these techniques sense and provide vast amount of data and video card is required to process this data and convert into high resolution images.
Frequently Asked Questions on Video Card – FAQs
What are the ways by which we can increase the life of video card?
You can increase the life of video card by keeping it cool, because it generates heat while performing complex calculations. Keep the drivers updated to make sure it works fine.
What are uses of video card other than in computers?
These are used in medical research and techniques like MRI, Ultrasound. In astronomy, to analyze large amount of space data like images of stars from telescope.
How does video cards helps in cryptocurrency?
Mining Crypto requires parallel processing which is done with help of video card. From early times, video cards have been used for crypto mining. Miners use multiple GPU for increasing there computational power. But then the value of cryptocurrency have been increased so people required more advanced devices for crypto mining so ASICs have been used and use of video cards is minimized.
How to choose a good video card?
You should consider the following specs while choosing a video card
- Generation- Video cards get better with there generation, so go for newer generation because they will be better in terms of performance
- VRAM- We know V-RAM is the memory or storage for storing visuals which can be shown on screen. So bigger space can store better resolution visual and frames data.
- Clock Speed- It is speed that tells how fast a GPU can operate and process data. So look for higher clock speed in specs.