TypeScript Numbers

TypeScript is a strict superset of JavaScript and extends the capabilities of numerical values through its Number type. In this article, we’ll explore TypeScript numbers, covering both integers and floating-point values.

Syntax:

var var_name = new Number(value)

Basics of TypeScript Numbers

1. Number Class and Wrapper:

TypeScript treats numbers as both integers and floating-point values.
The Number class acts as a wrapper, allowing manipulation of numeric literals as if they were objects.

2. Common Properties:

MAX_VALUE: Represents the largest possible value in JavaScript (approximately 1.8 × 10^308).
MIN_VALUE: Denotes the smallest positive value (approximately 5 × 10^-324).
NaN: Indicates a value that is not a number.
NEGATIVE_INFINITY: Represents a value less than MIN_VALUE.
POSITIVE_INFINITY: Corresponds to a value greater than MAX_VALUE.

3. Methods:

toExponential(): Converts a number to exponential notation.
toFixed(digits): Formats the number with a specific number of decimal places.
toLocaleString(): Converts the number into a locale-specific representation.
toPrecision(totalDigits): Specifies the total digits (including both integer and decimal parts).
toString(base): Returns the string representation of the number in the specified base.
valueOf(): Retrieves the number’s primitive value.

Example 1: Maximum and Minimum Limits of Numbers in TypeScript

javascript

console.log("Number Properties in TypeScript:"); 
console.log("Maximum value of a number variable has :" 
                                   + Number.MAX_VALUE); 
console.log("The least value of a number variable has:" 
                                    + Number.MIN_VALUE); 
console.log("Value of Negative Infinity:" 
                             + Number.NEGATIVE_INFINITY); 
console.log("Value of Negative Infinity:" 
                             + Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY);

Output

Number Properties in TypeScript:
Maximum value of a number variable has :1.7976931348623157e+308
The least value of a number variable has:5e-324
Value of Negative Infinity:-Infinity
Value of Negative ...

Example 2: NaN Value

javascript

var day = 0 
if( day<=0 || day > 7) { 
   day = Number.NaN 
   console.log("Day is "+ day) 
} else { 
   console.log("Value Accepted..") 
}

Output

Day is NaN

Example 3: toExponential() - Converts a number to exponential notation.

javascript

// The toExponential() 
var num1 = 2525.30 
var val = num1.toExponential(); 
console.log(val)

Output

2.5253e+3

Example 4: toFixed() - Formats the number with a specific number of decimal places.

javascript

// The toFixed()
var num3 = 237.134 
console.log("num3.toFixed() is "+num3.toFixed()) 
console.log("num3.toFixed(2) is "+num3.toFixed(3)) 
console.log("num3.toFixed(6) is "+num3.toFixed(5))

Output

num3.toFixed() is 237
num3.toFixed(2) is 237.134
num3.toFixed(6) is 237.13400

Example 5: toLocaleString() - Converts the number into a locale-specific representation.

javascript

// The toLocaleString()
var num = new Number( 237.1346); 
console.log( num.toLocaleString());

Output

237.135

Example 6: toPrecision(): Specifies the total digits (including both integer and decimal parts).

javascript

// The toPrecision()
var num = new Number(5.7645326); 
console.log(num.toPrecision()); 
console.log(num.toPrecision(1)); 
console.log(num.toPrecision(2));

Output

5.7645326
6
5.8

Example 7: toString(base): Returns the string representation of the number in the specified base.

javascript

// The toString()
var num = new Number(10); 
console.log(num.toString()); 
console.log(num.toString(2)); 
console.log(num.toString(8));

Output

10
1010
12

Example 8: valueOf(): Retrieves the number’s primitive value.

javascript

// The valueOf()
var num = new Number(20); 
console.log(num.valueOf());

Output

Article Tags :

JavaScript

Web Technologies

TypeScript