Prerequisites : Introduction to tkinter
Python offers multiple options for developing GUI (Graphical User Interface). Out of all the GUI methods, Tkinter is the most commonly used method. In this article, we will learn how to create a ToDo GUI application using Tkinter, with a step-by-step guide.
To create a tkinter :
- Importing the module – tkinter
- Create the main window (container)
- Add any number of widgets to the main window.
- Apply the event Trigger on the widgets.
The GUI would look like below:
Let’s create a GUI based simple ToDo application in which you can add and delete the Task.
Below is the implementation :
Python3
# import all functions from the tkinter from tkinter import *
# import messagebox class from tkinter from tkinter import messagebox
# global list is declare for storing all the task tasks_list = []
# global variable is declare for counting the task counter = 1
# Function for checking input error when # empty input is given in task field def inputError() :
# check for enter task field is empty or not
if enterTaskField.get() = = "" :
# show the error message
messagebox.showerror( "Input Error" )
return 0
return 1
# Function for clearing the contents # of task number text field def clear_taskNumberField() :
# clear the content of task number text field
taskNumberField.delete( 0.0 , END)
# Function for clearing the contents # of task entry field def clear_taskField() :
# clear the content of task field entry box
enterTaskField.delete( 0 , END)
# Function for inserting the contents # from the task entry field to the text area def insertTask():
global counter
# check for error
value = inputError()
# if error occur then return
if value = = 0 :
return
# get the task string concatenating
# with new line character
content = enterTaskField.get() + "\n"
# store task in the list
tasks_list.append(content)
# insert content of task entry field to the text area
# add task one by one in below one by one
TextArea.insert( 'end -1 chars' , "[ " + str (counter) + " ] " + content)
# incremented
counter + = 1
# function calling for deleting the content of task field
clear_taskField()
# function for deleting the specified task def delete() :
global counter
# handling the empty task error
if len (tasks_list) = = 0 :
messagebox.showerror( "No task" )
return
# get the task number, which is required to delete
number = taskNumberField.get( 1.0 , END)
# checking for input error when
# empty input in task number field
if number = = "\n" :
messagebox.showerror( "input error" )
return
else :
task_no = int (number)
# function calling for deleting the
# content of task number field
clear_taskNumberField()
# deleted specified task from the list
tasks_list.pop(task_no - 1 )
# decremented
counter - = 1
# whole content of text area widget is deleted
TextArea.delete( 1.0 , END)
# rewriting the task after deleting one task at a time
for i in range ( len (tasks_list)) :
TextArea.insert( 'end -1 chars' , "[ " + str (i + 1 ) + " ] " + tasks_list[i])
# Driver code if __name__ = = "__main__" :
# create a GUI window
gui = Tk()
# set the background colour of GUI window
gui.configure(background = "light green" )
# set the title of GUI window
gui.title( "ToDo App" )
# set the configuration of GUI window
gui.geometry( "250x300" )
# create a label : Enter Your Task
enterTask = Label(gui, text = "Enter Your Task" , bg = "light green" )
# create a text entry box
# for typing the task
enterTaskField = Entry(gui)
# create a Submit Button and place into the root window
# when user press the button, the command or
# function affiliated to that button is executed
Submit = Button(gui, text = "Submit" , fg = "Black" , bg = "Red" , command = insertTask)
# create a text area for the root
# with lunida 13 font
# text area is for writing the content
TextArea = Text(gui, height = 5 , width = 25 , font = "lucida 13" )
# create a label : Delete Task Number
taskNumber = Label(gui, text = "Delete Task Number" , bg = "blue" )
taskNumberField = Text(gui, height = 1 , width = 2 , font = "lucida 13" )
# create a Delete Button and place into the root window
# when user press the button, the command or
# function affiliated to that button is executed .
delete = Button(gui, text = "Delete" , fg = "Black" , bg = "Red" , command = delete)
# create a Exit Button and place into the root window
# when user press the button, the command or
# function affiliated to that button is executed .
Exit = Button(gui, text = "Exit" , fg = "Black" , bg = "Red" , command = exit)
# grid method is used for placing
# the widgets at respective positions
# in table like structure.
enterTask.grid(row = 0 , column = 2 )
# ipadx attributed set the entry box horizontal size
enterTaskField.grid(row = 1 , column = 2 , ipadx = 50 )
Submit.grid(row = 2 , column = 2 )
# padx attributed provide x-axis margin
# from the root window to the widget.
TextArea.grid(row = 3 , column = 2 , padx = 10 , sticky = W)
taskNumber.grid(row = 4 , column = 2 , pady = 5 )
taskNumberField.grid(row = 5 , column = 2 )
# pady attributed provide y-axis
# margin from the widget.
delete.grid(row = 6 , column = 2 , pady = 5 )
Exit.grid(row = 7 , column = 2 )
# start the GUI
gui.mainloop()
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Output: