Python Program for Kronecker Product of two matrices

Given a matrix A and a matrix B, their Kronecker product C = A tensor B, also called their matrix direct product, is an matrix. 

A tensor B =  |a11B   a12B|
              |a21B   a22B|

= |a11b11   a11b12   a12b11  a12b12|
  |a11b21   a11b22   a12b21  a12b22| 
  |a11b31   a11b32   a12b31  a12b32|
  |a21b11   a21b12   a22b11  a22b12|
  |a21b21   a21b22   a22b21  a22b22|
  |a21b31   a21b32   a22b31  a22b32|

Examples:

1. The matrix direct(kronecker) product of the 2×2 matrix A 
   and the 2×2 matrix B is given by the 4×4 matrix :

Input : A = 1 2    B = 0 5
            3 4        6 7

Output : C = 0  5  0  10
             6  7  12 14
             0  15 0  20
             18 21 24 28

2. The matrix direct(kronecker) product of the 2×3 matrix A 
   and the 3×2 matrix B is given by the 6×6 matrix :

Input : A = 1 2    B = 0 5 2
            3 4        6 7 3
            1 0

Output : C = 0      5    2    0     10    4    
             6      7    3   12     14    6    
             0     15    6    0     20    8    
            18     21    9   24     28   12    
             0      5    2    0      0    0    
             6      7    3    0      0    0    

Below is the code to find the Kronecker Product of two matrices and stores it as matrix C : 

Python3

# Python3 code to find the Kronecker Product of two
# matrices and stores it as matrix C

# rowa and cola are no of rows and columns
# of matrix A
# rowb and colb are no of rows and columns
# of matrix B
cola = 2
rowa = 3
colb = 3
rowb = 2

# Function to computes the Kronecker Product
# of two matrices

def Kroneckerproduct( A , B ):

    C = [[0 for j in range(cola * colb)] for i in range(rowa * rowb)]

    # i loops till rowa
    for i in range(0, rowa):

        # k loops till rowb
        for k in range(0, rowb):

            # j loops till cola
            for j in range(0, cola):

                # l loops till colb
                for l in range(0, colb):

                    # Each element of matrix A is
                    # multiplied by whole Matrix B
                    # resp and stored as Matrix C
                    C[i + l + 1][j + k + 1] = A[i][j] * B[k][l]
                    print (C[i + l + 1][j + k + 1],end=' ')


            print ("
")


# Driver code.

A = [[0 for j in range(2)] for i in range(3)]
B = [[0 for j in range(3)] for i in range(2)]

A[0][0] = 1
A[0][1] = 2
A[1][0] = 3
A[1][1] = 4
A[2][0] = 1
A[2][1] = 0

B[0][0] = 0
B[0][1] = 5
B[0][2] = 2
B[1][0] = 6
B[1][1] = 7
B[1][2] = 3

Kroneckerproduct( A , B )

# This code is contributed by Saloni.

Output :

0    5    2    0    10    4    
6    7    3    12   14    6    
0    15   6    0    20    8    
18   21   9    24   28    12    
0    5    2    0    0     0    
6    7    3    0    0     0

Time Complexity: O(rowa*rowb*cola*colb), as we are using nested loops.

Auxiliary Space: O((rowa + colb) * (rowb + cola)), as we are not using any extra space.

Please refer complete article on Kronecker Product of two matrices for more details!