Electric Charge Formula

When the matter is held in an electric or magnetic field, it develops an electric charge, which causes it to experience a force. The flowing electric charge generates a magnetic field, which is coupled with an electric field. The electromagnetic field is made up of a combination of electric and magnetic fields. The electromagnetic force, which is the basis of physics, is created when charges interact. Let’s take a closer look at the concept of Electric charge,

Electric Charge

The feature of subatomic particles that enables them to experience a force when put in an electric or magnetic field is known as Electric charge.

A scalar quantity, electric charge is. A quantity that is called a vector must fulfill the laws of vector addition, such as the triangle law of vector addition and the parallelogram law of vector addition, in addition to having a magnitude and direction; only then is the amount called a vector quantity. In the case of an electric current, the resultant current is an algebraic sum rather than a vector sum when two currents meet at a junction. As a result, even though it has magnitude and direction, an electric current is a scalar quantity. Electric charge is denoted by Q.

SI unit of electric charge: Coulomb and Other units are Faraday, Ampere-hour.

Positive and negative electric charges are carried by protons and electrons, respectively. Subatomic particles and matter particles are examples of different forms of charges,

Positively charged protons
Negatively charged electrons
Neutron has a charge of zero

Electric charges are of two types

Positively charged protons

The positive charge, known as protons, possesses a charge of +1.6×10^-19 Coulomb. Field lines originating from positive charges extend outward infinitely.

Negatively charged electrons

The elementary charge of electrons is -1.6×10^-19 Coulombs. Negative charge distribution originates from infinity in the field lines.

Electric Charge Formula

The formula of Electric Charge is as follows

Q = I × t

Where,

Q = Electric Charge,

I = Electric Current,

t = Time.

Sample Questions

Question 1: An electric charge is a scalar quantity for what reason?

Answer:

The resulting current of two currents meeting at a junction is an algebraic sum, not a vector sum. A scalar quantity is thus an electric current. This property of electric charge is known as KCL, also known as kirchhoff’s current law.

Question 2: When does a negative and positive electric charge occur?

Answer:

It is considered to have a negative charge when a substance has more electrons than protons, and It is considered to have a positive charge when a substance has more protons than electrons.

Question 3: A circuit with a current of 150 mA is run for 2 minutes. calculate the amount of charge flowing through a circuit.

Solution:

Given: I = 150 mA = 150 × 10^-3 A, t = 2 min = 2 × 60 = 120s

Since,

Q = I × t

∴ Q = 150 × 10^-3 × 120

∴ Q = 18 C

Question 4: When a current-carrying conductor is linked to an external power supply for 20 seconds, a total of 6 × 10⁴⁶electrons flow through it. Determine the current value in the conductor.

Solution:

Given: n = 6 × 10⁴⁶ electrons, t = 20s, e = 1.6 × 10^-19 C

Since,

Q = I × t

∴ I = Q/t

By current formula,

Q = ne

∴ I = ne/t

∴ I = 6 × 10⁴⁶ × 1.6 × 10^-19 / 20

∴ I = 4.8 × 10²⁶ A

Question 5: A current of 0.6 A is carried by a conductor. Calculate the amount of charge that will pass through the conductor’s cross-section in 37 seconds.

Solution: