The diagram of eukaryotic cell showcases its various cell organelles such as the nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, mitochondria, vacuoles, lysosomes and the plasma membrane. The difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells can be easily understood with the help of a diagram of eukaryotic cell class 9. Eukaryotic cells are larger and more complex than prokaryotic cells.
The diagram of eukaryotic cell with the a label is given below:
Table of Content
What are Eukaryotic Cells?
Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus enclosed by a nuclear membrane and are found in diverse organisms including protozoa, fungi, animals, and plants, all classified under the kingdom Eukaryota. The diagram of eukaryotic cells shows compartmentalization, which enables diverse metabolic reactions within a single cell.
Also Read: Difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
The features of eukaryotic cells are as follows:
- Eukaryotic cells possess a nucleus enclosed by a nuclear membrane.
- Mitochondria are present within the cell.
- The outermost layer of Eukaryotic cell is cell wall.
- Cell division in Eukaryotic cell occurs through meiosis.
- Flagella and cilia serves as a locomotory organelles in eukaryotic cell.
- The nucleus has a single layer DNA molecule contains all genetic information.
Structure of Eukaryotic Cell
The diagram of eukaryotic cell structure comprises the following:
- Plasma membrane: The plasma membrane acts as a barrier between the cells and its external environment. It contains embedded protein that facilitates the movement of substances into and out of the cell.
- Cell wall: The cell wall is a rigid structure found outside plant cells but absent in animal cells. It gives the cell its shape, facilitates cell to cell interaction, and acts as a protective barrier against injury and pathogen. Comprising cellulose, hemicellulose, pectins, proteins, and other components. It provides structural support to the cell.
- Cytoskeleton: The cytoskeleton, located within the cytoplasm, is composed of microfilaments, microtubules, and fibers. It maintains the cell’s shape, anchors the organelles, and facilitates cell movement.
- Endoplasmic reticulum: It is the network of small, tubular structure that partitions the cell surface into two regions: luminal and extraluminal. There are two types of endoplasmic reticulum- rough endoplasmic reticulum and smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
- Nucleus: The nucleoplasm within the nucleus contains DNA and protein. The nuclear envelop is composed of two layers: the outer layer membrane and the inner membrane. Both membranes are permeable to ions, molecules and RNA materials. Ribosomes synthesis also occur within the nucleus.
- Golgi apparatus: It composed of flat, disc shaped structures known as cisternae, this organelle is arranged in parallel and concentric patterns near the nucleus. It serves as a crucial site for the synthesis of glycoproteins and glycolipids. It is absent in human red blood cells and plant sieve cells.
- Ribosomes: These are primarily responsible for protein synthesis and consist of proteins and ribonucleic acid (RNA).
- Mitochondria: These are known as powerhouse of the cells due to their role in energy production.
- Plastids: These double-membrane structures are exclusive to plant cells and comes in three types: 1. Chloroplast, which contain chlorophyll and is involved in photosynthesis; 2. Chromoplasts, contains the pigment carotene, which imparts yellow, red, or orange; 3. Leucoplasts, lacking coloration and serving as storage sites for oil, fats, carbohydrates or proteins.
- Lysosomes: They are termed as suicidal bags due to their possession of hydrolytic enzymes capable of digesting proteins, lipids, carbohydrates and nucleic acid.
Conclusion – Diagram of Eukaryotic Cell
The diagram of eukaryotic cells illustrates the complex and organised structure, showcasing important parts like the nucleus, mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, cytoskeleton, ribosomes, plastids, lysosomes, endoplasmic reticulum and plasma membrane. These components work together to keep the cell functioning properly. Understanding eukaryotic cell structure is crucial for comprehending their diverse functions and the overall physiology of living organism.
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FAQs on Diagram of Eukaryotic Cell
Are Eukaryotic Cells Multicellular or Unicellular?
Eukaryotic cells can be either multicellular or unicellular. For example: plants and animals are multicellular whereas Euglena, Dinoflagellates are unicellular.
What is Eukaryotic Cell of Structure?
Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus enclosed by a nuclear membrane and found in diverse organisms including protozoa, fungi, animals and plants.
Do Eukaryotic Cells have DNA?
Yes, eukaryotic cells have DNA. They are contained within the nucleus.
What is the Size of Eukaryotic cells?
The size of eukaryotic cell is 5-100 micrometers.
Are Viruses Eukaryotes?
Viruses are neither eukaryotes or prokaryotes. they are a link between living and non-living and are not classified within either group.
What is the Difference Between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cell?
Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells have both a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, making them more complex in structure and function.