Given a text txt[0..n-1] and a pattern pat[0..m-1], write a function search(char pat[], char txt[]) that prints all occurrences of pat[] in txt[]. You may assume that n > m. Examples:
Input: txt[] = "THIS IS A TEST TEXT" pat[] = "TEST" Output: Pattern found at index 10 Input: txt[] = "AABAACAADAABAABA" pat[] = "AABA" Output: Pattern found at index 0 Pattern found at index 9 Pattern found at index 12
Pattern searching is an important problem in computer science. When we do search for a string in notepad/word file or browser or database, pattern searching algorithms are used to show the search results.
C#
// C# program for implementation of KMP pattern // searching algorithm using System;
class GFG {
void KMPSearch( string pat, string txt)
{
int M = pat.Length;
int N = txt.Length;
// create lps[] that will hold the longest
// prefix suffix values for pattern
int [] lps = new int [M];
int j = 0; // index for pat[]
// Preprocess the pattern (calculate lps[]
// array)
computeLPSArray(pat, M, lps);
int i = 0; // index for txt[]
while (i < N) {
if (pat[j] == txt[i]) {
j++;
i++;
}
if (j == M) {
Console.Write( "Found pattern "
+ "at index " + (i - j));
j = lps[j - 1];
}
// mismatch after j matches
else if (i < N && pat[j] != txt[i]) {
// Do not match lps[0..lps[j-1]] characters,
// they will match anyway
if (j != 0)
j = lps[j - 1];
else
i = i + 1;
}
}
}
void computeLPSArray( string pat, int M, int [] lps)
{
// length of the previous longest prefix suffix
int len = 0;
int i = 1;
lps[0] = 0; // lps[0] is always 0
// the loop calculates lps[i] for i = 1 to M-1
while (i < M) {
if (pat[i] == pat[len]) {
len++;
lps[i] = len;
i++;
}
else // (pat[i] != pat[len])
{
// This is tricky. Consider the example.
// AAACAAAA and i = 7. The idea is similar
// to search step.
if (len != 0) {
len = lps[len - 1];
// Also, note that we do not increment
// i here
}
else // if (len == 0)
{
lps[i] = len;
i++;
}
}
}
}
// Driver program to test above function
public static void Main()
{
string txt = "ABABDABACDABABCABAB" ;
string pat = "ABABCABAB" ;
new GFG().KMPSearch(pat, txt);
}
} // This code has been contributed by Amit Khandelwal. |
Output:
Found pattern at index 10
Time Complexity: O(m+n)
Space Complexity: O(m)
Please refer complete article on KMP Algorithm for Pattern Searching for more details!
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