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Bar Magnet

Bar Magnet is a magnet that is rectangular in shape and has two poles, the North Pole and South Pole. The magnetic field of a bar magnet is maximum at its pole and minimum at its center. Bar Magnets are made up of Iron, cobalt, or any other Ferromagnetic materials that show magnetic properties. Bar magnets can be of various types including Cylindrical Bar magnets and Rectangular Bar magnets.

Bar magnets have fascinated us for centuries due to their practical applications in everyday tools and advanced technologies. In this article, we will dig deep into What a is Bar Magnet, the Properties of the Bar Magnet, the Application of Bar Magnet, and others in detail.



What is Bar Magnet?

A bar magnet is a rectangular piece typically made from iron, steel, or a ferromagnetic substance, having distinct north and south poles. Even if it’s broken, each fragment will maintain its unique identity with retained poles.

Bar Magnet Diagram

The basic diagram of the Bar Magnet is added in the image below,

Bar Magnet

Poles of Bar Magnet

A bar magnet has two poles:

These poles play an important role in magnet’s behavior and interactions.

Types of Bar Magnet

Various types of the bar magnets are added in the article below,

Alnico Bar Magnet

Alnico bar magnets offer excellent temperature stability, high residual induction, and relatively high energies. They have better corrosion resistance and usually do not require surface treatment. ​It has temperature stability, with a working temperature of 300-500°C, and they demagnetize at temperatures exceeding 600°C. Due to their strategic resources of cobalt and nickel, alnico magnets are relatively expensive and find applications in aerospace, military, automotive industry, and security systems.

Neodymium Bar Magnet

Neodymium bar magnets are widely used in electronics, electrical machinery, medical equipment, toys, packaging, hardware machinery, aerospace, and other fields. They are known for their exceptional magnetic strength and versatility, making them popular in various industries and scientific applications. Neodymium bar magnets come in a range of grades, offering exceptional magnetic strength and adaptability. However, they are sensitive to temperature and can be significantly affected by exposure to elevated temperatures.

Cylindrical Bar Magnet

A bar magnet of the shape of a cylinder is called a cylindrical bar magnet. It is also called Rod Magnet.

Rectangular Bar Magnet

Normal bar magnet that is in shape of a cuboid is called a Rectangular bar magnet. It has various applications and in general is called Bar mangnets.

Properties of Bar Magnet

Various properties of a Bar Magnet are,

Magnetic Field of a Bar Magnet

Magnetic field of a bar magnet is created by the motion of electrons in the material that forms the magnet. It’s Magnetic force is strongest at the poles. The magnetic field of a bar magnet is very similar to the electric field created by an electric dipole.

The magnetic field of a Bar Magnet is shown in the image added below,

Magnetic Field Lines Around a Bar Magnet

Magentic field lines are the imaginary lines that are used to represent the strength of a magnet. These lines start from the north pole of the magnet and goes to the south pole of the agent. Properties of the magnetic field are added below,

When two bar magnets are brought close to each other, their magnetic lines of force interact with each other and get modified to point in the direction of the resultant magnetic force (field).

Pole Strength of Bar Magnet

The pole strength of a bar magnet is the strength of a magnetic pole to attract magnetic materials towards itself. The magnetic force of a bar magnet is strongest at the poles. The pole strength is related to the magnetic moment of the magnet, and it is the product of the pole strength and the length of the magnet.

Formula of Pole Strength

Formula to find pole strength of a bar magnet is given by:

P = W/T

Where,

  • P is the Strength of Magnetic Pole
  • W is the Work Done in Moving Magnet around the Wire
  • I is Electric Current in Wire

SI Unit of Pole Strength

Applications of Bar Magnets

Bar magnets have various applications in different fields which are as follows:

Uses of Bar Magnet

Various uses of the bar magntes are,

Bar Magnet as Equivalent Solenoid

A bar magnet can be modeled as an equivalent solenoid. The magnetic moment of a bar magnet as an equivalent solenoid can be derived by calculating the axial field of a finite solenoid carrying current. The similarity between magnetic field lines of a bar magnet and solenoid is that a bar magnet can be thought of as a large number of circulating currents in analogy with a solenoid. The image of magnetic field of a Solenoid is added below,

Read more about Magnetic Field of a Solenoid.

Difference between Bar Magnet and Electromagnet

The key difference between a bar magnet and an electromagnet lies in their magnetic properties:

Read More,

FAQs on Bar Magnets

1. What is a Bar Magnet?

A bar magnet is a rectangular piece typically crafted from Iron, steel, or a ferromagnetic substance. It has two poles – a north and a south pole.

2. What is Magnetic Field Lines of a Bar Magnet?

Magnetic field lines around a bar magnet form closed loops, and their patterns are visualized using iron filings in the presence of the magnet. These patterns distinctly showcase the intensity and direction of the magnetic field.

3. What is Pole Strength?

Pole strength refers to the strength of the magnetic poles of a magnet. For a bar magnet, it’s the potency of the north and south poles. The force exerted by a bar magnet is most potent at its poles, and the interaction between like poles results in repulsion, while unlike poles attract.

4. What are Uses of Bar Magnets?

Bar magnets have various applications in laboratories, educational settings, and everyday life. Some common uses of bar magnets include picking up small metallic objects, demonstrating magnetic fields, experimenting with magnetic fields, and industrial purposes.

5. What is Magnetic Field of a Bar Magnet?

The magnetic field of a bar magnet is created by the motion of electrons in the material that forms the magnet.

6. How is a Bar Magnet Different from an Electromagnet?

Bar magnet is a permanent magnet that can create its own persistent magnetic field, while an electromagnet is a type of temporary magnet that can produce magnetic field in the presence of an electric current.

7. What Metal is a Bar Magnet?

Bar magnet is made of different metals like Iron, Cobalt and Nickel.

8. What are Three Properties of a Bar Magnet?

  • Attractive Property: To attract ferromagnetic materials
  • Directional Property: When suspended freely it comes in alignment to north-south direction.
  • Existence as a Dipole: Bar magnets always exists as a dipole and existence as a monopole is not possible.

9. What are Poles of a Bar Magnet?

The bar magnet has two poles, a north pole and a south pole. The magnetic force is strongest at these poles.

10. Where are Poles of a Bar Magnet Located?

The poles of a bar magnet are located at its ends. One end is called the north pole, and the other end is called the south pole. These poles are where the magnetic field lines converge (south pole) and diverge (north pole).

11. Is there any Magnetic Field Lines of Force inside a Bar Magnet?

Yes, there are magnetic field lines of force inside a bar magnet. The magnetic field lines emerge from the north pole, traverse through the interior of the magnet, and re-enter at the south pole. The lines form a continuous loop, indicating the magnetic field’s presence within the magnet.


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