The animation is a method in which a collection of images is combined in a specific way and processed then they appear as moving images. Building animations make on-screen objects seems to be alive. Android has quite a few tools to help you create animations with relative ease. So in this article, let’s learn to create android animations using Java.
Table of Attributes
XML ATTRIBUTES | DESCRIPTION |
---|---|
android:id | Sets unique id of the view |
android:duration | Used to specify the duration of the animation |
android:fromDegrees | Starting angular position (in degrees) |
android:toDegrees | Ending angular position (in degrees) |
android:fromXScale | Starting X size offset |
android:toXScale | Ending of X size offset |
android:fromYScale | Starting Y size offset |
android:toYScale | Ending of Y size offset |
android:fromAlpha | Starting alpha value for the animation (1.0 means fully opaque and 0.0 means fully transparent) |
android:toAlpha | Ending alpha value |
android:fromYDelta | Change in Y coordinate to be applied at the beginning of the animation |
android:toYDelta | Change in Y coordinate to be applied at the end of the animation |
android:pivotX | Represents the X-axis coordinates to zoom from the starting point |
android:pivotY | Represents the Y-axis coordinates to zoom from the starting point |
android:interpolator | It defines the rate of change of an animation |
android:startOffset | Delay occurs when an animation runs (in ms), once start time is reached |
How to add animation in Android using Java
Step 1: Create a New Project
- Start Android Studio (version > 2.2)
- Go to File -> New -> New Project.
- Select Empty Activity and click on next
- Select minimum SDK as 21
- Choose the language as Java and click on the finish button.
- Modify the following XML and java files.
Step 2: Modify activity_main.xml file
In the XML file, we have added an ImageView, TextView, and Button inside the RelativeLayout.
<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "utf-8" ?>
< RelativeLayout android:layout_width = "match_parent"
android:id = "@+id/RL1"
android:layout_height = "match_parent"
tools:context = ".MainActivity" >
< ImageView
android:id = "@+id/imageView1"
android:layout_width = "200dp"
android:layout_height = "150dp"
android:layout_below = "@id/textView0"
android:layout_centerHorizontal = "true"
android:layout_marginTop = "100dp"
android:visibility = "visible"
android:src = "@drawable/logo2" />
< TextView
android:id = "@+id/textView1"
android:layout_width = "match_parent"
android:layout_height = "wrap_content"
android:text = "4 common animations in android"
android:layout_below = "@id/imageView1"
android:layout_marginTop = "50dp"
android:layout_centerHorizontal = "true"
android:gravity = "center"
android:fontFamily = "sans-serif"
android:textSize = "50px" />
< Button
android:id = "@+id/button1"
android:layout_width = "150dp"
android:layout_height = "wrap_content"
android:text = "Blink"
android:layout_below = "@id/textView1"
android:layout_marginLeft = "50dp"
android:layout_marginTop = "40dp" />
< Button
android:id = "@+id/button2"
android:layout_width = "150dp"
android:layout_height = "wrap_content"
android:text = "Slide"
android:layout_below = "@id/textView1"
android:layout_alignParentRight = "true"
android:layout_marginRight = "50dp"
android:layout_marginTop = "40dp" />
< Button
android:id = "@+id/button3"
android:layout_width = "150dp"
android:layout_height = "wrap_content"
android:text = "Rotate"
android:layout_below = "@id/button1"
android:layout_marginLeft = "50dp"
android:layout_marginTop = "30dp" />
< Button
android:id = "@+id/button4"
android:layout_width = "150dp"
android:layout_height = "wrap_content"
android:text = "Zoom"
android:layout_below = "@id/button2"
android:layout_alignParentRight = "true"
android:layout_marginRight = "50dp"
android:layout_marginTop = "30dp" />
</ RelativeLayout >
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Step 3: Add these XML files to the anim directory
After modifying the layout we will create XML files for animations. So we will first create a folder name anim. In this folder, we will be adding the XML files which will be used to produce the animations. For this to happen, go to app/res right-click and then select Android Resource Directory and name it as anim.
Some Common Types of Animations in Android are,
- Blink – Hides the object for 0.6 to 1 second.
- Slide – Move the object either vertically or horizontally to its axis.
- Rotate – Rotate the object either clockwise or anti-clockwise.
- Zoom – Zoom in or out the object in the X and Y-axis.
<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "utf-8" ?>
< alpha android:fromAlpha = "0.0"
android:toAlpha = "1.0"
android:interpolator = "@android:anim/accelerate_interpolator"
android:duration = "700"
android:repeatMode = "reverse"
android:repeatCount = "infinite" />
</ set >
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<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "utf-8" ?>
android:fromDegrees = "0"
android:toDegrees = "360"
android:pivotX = "50%"
android:pivotY = "50%"
android:duration = "2500" >
</ rotate >
android:startOffset = "5000"
android:fromDegrees = "360"
android:toDegrees = "0"
android:pivotX = "50%"
android:pivotY = "50%"
android:duration = "2500" >
</ rotate >
</ set >
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<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "utf-8" ?>
android:fillAfter = "true" >
< scale
android:duration = "500"
android:fromXScale = "1.0"
android:fromYScale = "1.0"
android:interpolator = "@android:anim/linear_interpolator"
android:toXScale = "1.0"
android:toYScale = "0.0" />
</ set >
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<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "utf-8" ?>
android:fromXScale = "0.5"
android:toXScale = "3.0"
android:fromYScale = "0.5"
android:toYScale = "3.0"
android:duration = "4000"
android:pivotX = "50%"
android:pivotY = "50%" >
</ scale >
android:startOffset = "5000"
android:fromXScale = "3.0"
android:toXScale = "0.5"
android:fromYScale = "3.0"
android:toYScale = "0.5"
android:duration = "4000"
android:pivotX = "50%"
android:pivotY = "50%" >
</ scale >
</ set >
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Step 4: Modify MainActivity.java
To perform animation in android, we have to call a static function loadAnimation() of the class AnimationUtils. We get the result in an instance of the Animation Object. Syntax to create animation object:
Animation object = AnimationUtils.loadAnimation(getApplicationContext(), R.anim.ANIMATIONFILE);
To apply the above animation to an object(Let say in an image), we have to call the startAnimation() method of the object. Syntax to call the method:
ImageView image = findViewById(R.id.imageID);
image.startAnimation(object);
Methods of animation class:
Method |
Description |
startAnimation(object) | Starts the animation |
setDuration(long duration) | Sets the duration of animation |
getDuration() | Gets the duration of animation |
end() | Ends the animation |
cancel() | Cancels the animation |
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.animation.Animation;
import android.view.animation.AnimationUtils;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.ImageView;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
ImageView logo;
Button blink, slide, rotate, zoom;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
{
super .onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
// GFG logo
logo = findViewById(R.id.imageView1);
// blink button
blink = findViewById(R.id.button1);
// slide button
slide = findViewById(R.id.button2);
// rotate button
rotate = findViewById(R.id.button3);
// zoom button
zoom = findViewById(R.id.button4);
// blink button listener
blink.setOnClickListener( new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View view)
{
// call a static function loadAnimation()
// of the class AnimationUtils
Animation object
= AnimationUtils
.loadAnimation(
getApplicationContext(),
// blink file is in anim folder
R.anim.blinks);
// call the startAnimation method
logo.startAnimation(object);
}
});
// slide button listener
slide.setOnClickListener( new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View view)
{
// call a static function loadAnimation()
// of the class AnimationUtils
Animation object
= AnimationUtils
.loadAnimation(
getApplicationContext(),
// slide file is in anim folder
R.anim.slide);
// call the startAnimation method
logo.startAnimation(object);
}
});
// rotate button listener
rotate.setOnClickListener( new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View view)
{
// call a static function loadAnimation()
// of the class AnimationUtils
Animation object
= AnimationUtils
.loadAnimation(
getApplicationContext(),
// rotate file is in anim folder
R.anim.rotate);
// call the startAnimation method
logo.startAnimation(object);
}
});
// zoom button listener
zoom.setOnClickListener( new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View view)
{
// call a static function loadAnimation()
// of the class AnimationUtils
Animation object
= AnimationUtils
.loadAnimation(
getApplicationContext(),
// zoom file is in anim folder
R.anim.zoom);
// call the startAnimation method
logo.startAnimation(object);
}
});
}
} |