In this article, we will see how to work with Image Module of PIL in Python. First, let’s see how to install the PIL.
Installation:
Linux: On the Linux terminal type the following:
pip install Pillow
Installing pip via terminal:
sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install python-pip
Working with Image Module
Here, we will go through some methods and properties provided by the image module which are as follows:
- Open Image,
- Save Image,
- Size of Image,
- Rotate Image,
- Crop Image,
- Resize Image and many more.
Let’s discuss this one by one with the help of some examples.
1. Open An Image:
To open the image using PIL, we are using the open() method.
Syntax: PIL.Image.open(fp, mode=’r’, formats=None)
# importing Image from PILfrom PIL import Image
# open an imageimg = Image.open('gfg.png')
|
Output:
2. Retrieve size of the image:
To retrieve the size of the image we will use the property provided by the Image object i.e; Image.size property.
Syntax: Image.size
from PIL import Image
with Image.open("gfg.png") as image:
width, height = image.size
print((width,height))
|
Output:
(200, 200)
3. Save changes in the image:
To save the image, we are using Image.save() method.
Syntax: Image.save(fp, format=None, **params)
Parameters:
- fp – A filename (string), pathlib.Path object or file object.
- format – Optional format override. If omitted, the format to use is determined from the filename extension. If a file object was used instead of a filename, this parameter should always be used.
- options – Extra parameters to the image writer.
Returns: None
from PIL import Image
img = Image.open("gfg.png")
img.save("logo.jpg")
|
Output:
4. Rotating an Image:
The image rotation needs an angle as a parameter to get the image rotated.
Syntax: Image.rotate(angle, resample=0, expand=0, center=None, translate=None, fillcolor=None)
Parameters:
- angle – In degrees counterclockwise.
- resample – An optional resampling filter.
- expand – Optional expansion flag. If true, expands the output image to make it large enough to hold the entire rotated image.
- center – Optional center of rotation (a 2-tuple). Origin is the upper left corner. Default is the center of the image.
- translate – An optional post-rotate translation (a 2-tuple).
- fillcolor – An optional color for area outside the rotated image.
from PIL import Image
img = Image.open("gfg.png")
rot_img = img.rotate(180)
rot_img.save("rotated_gfg.png")
|
Output:
Original Image
Rotated Image
5. Cropping an Image:
The Image.crop(box) takes a 4-tuple (left, upper, right, lower) pixel coordinate, and returns a rectangular region from the used image.
Syntax: PIL.Image.crop(box = None)
Parameters:
- box – a 4-tuple defining the left, upper, right, and lower pixel coordinate.
Return type: Image (Returns a rectangular region as (left, upper, right, lower)-tuple).
Return: An Image object.
from PIL import Image
# open image and get sizeimg = Image.open("gfg.jpg")
width, height = img.size
# cropped image using coordinatesarea = (0, 0, width/2, height/2)
crop_img = img.crop(area)
crop_img.save("cropped_image.jpg")
|
Output:
Cropped Image
6. Resizing an Image:
The Image.resize(size) is used to resize. Here size is provided as a 2-tuple width and height.
Syntax: Image.resize(size, resample=0)
Parameters:
- size – The requested size in pixels, as a 2-tuple: (width, height).
- resample – An optional resampling filter. This can be one of PIL.Image.NEAREST (use nearest neighbour), PIL.Image.BILINEAR (linear interpolation), PIL.Image.BICUBIC (cubic spline interpolation), or PIL.Image.LANCZOS (a high-quality downsampling filter). If omitted, or if the image has mode “1” or “P”, it is set PIL.Image.NEAREST.
Returns type: An Image object.
from PIL import Image
img = Image.open("gfg.png")
width, height = img.size
#resizing the image img = img.resize((width//2, height//2))
img.save("resized_picture.png")
|
Output:
Resized Image
7. Pasting an image on another image:
The second argument can be a 2-tuple (specifying the top left corner), or a 4-tuple (left, upper, right, lower) – in this case, the size of the pasted image must match the size of this box region or None which is equivalent to (0, 0).
Syntax: PIL.Image.Image.paste(image_1, image_2, box=None, mask=None)
OR
image_object.paste(image_2, box=None, mask=None)
Parameters:
- image_1/image_object : It the image on which other image is to be pasted.
- image_2: Source image or pixel value (integer or tuple).
- box: An optional 4-tuple giving the region to paste into. If a 2-tuple is used instead, it’s treated as the upper left corner. If omitted or None, the source is pasted into the upper left corner.
- mask: An optional mask image.
If an image is given as the second argument and there is no third, the box defaults to (0, 0), and the second argument is interpreted as a mask image.
from PIL import Image
img1 = Image.open("gfg.jpg")
#pasting img2 on img1img2 = Image.open("gfg.png")
img1.paste(img2, (50, 50))
img1.save("pasted_picture.jpg")
|
Output:
8. Transposing an Image:
This feature gives us the mirror image of an image
Syntax: Transpose image (flip or rotate in 90 degree steps)
Parameters:
- method – One of PIL.Image.FLIP_LEFT_RIGHT, PIL.Image.FLIP_TOP_BOTTOM, PIL.Image.ROTATE_90, PIL.Image.ROTATE_180, PIL.Image.ROTATE_270 or PIL.Image.TRANSPOSE.
Returns type: An Image object.
from PIL import Image
img = Image.open("gfg.png")
#flipping the image by 180 degree horizontallytransposed_img = img.transpose(Image.FLIP_LEFT_RIGHT)
transposed_img.save("transposed.png")
|
Output:
Original
Transposed Image
9. Creating a thumbnail:
This method creates a thumbnail of the image that is opened. It does not return a new image object, it makes in-place modifications to the currently opened image object itself. If you do not want to change the original image object, create a copy and then apply this method. This method also evaluates the appropriate to maintain the aspect ratio of the image according to the size passed.
Syntax: Image.thumbnail(size, resample=3)
Parameters:
- size – Requested size.
- resample – Optional resampling filter.
Returns Type: An Image object.
from PIL import Image
img = Image.open("gfg.png")
img.thumbnail((200, 200))
img.save("thumb.png")
|
Output:
Thumbnail of 200 x 200 pixels