An output-restricted queue is a special case of a double-ended queue where data can be removed from one end(front) but can be inserted from both ends (front and rear). This kind of Queue does not follow FIFO(first in first out):
Operations on Output Restricted Queue:
Mainly the following three basic operations are performed on output restricted queue:
- insertRear(): Adds an item at the rear of the queue.
- insertFront(): Adds an item at the front of the queue.
- deleteFront(): Deletes an item from the front of the queue.
In addition to the above operations, the following operations are also supported
- getFront(): Gets the front item from the m queue.
- getRear(): Gets the last item from the m queue.
- isEmpty(): Checks whether the r queue is empty or not.
- isFull(): Checks whether the queue is full or not.
Below is the implementation of Output restricted queue:
C++
// C++ implementation of Output Restricted // Queue using circular array #include <iostream> using namespace std;
// Maximum size of array or Output // Restricted Queue #define MAX 100 // A structure to represent a Output // Restricted Queue class Deque {
int arr[MAX];
int front;
int rear;
int size;
public :
Deque( int size)
{
front = -1;
rear = 0;
this ->size = size;
}
// Operations on Output Restricted
// Queue
void insertfront( int key);
void insertrear( int key);
void deletefront();
bool isFull();
bool isEmpty();
int getFront();
int getRear();
}; // Checks whether Output Restricted // Queue is full or not. bool Deque::isFull()
{ return ((front == 0 && rear == size - 1)
|| front == rear + 1);
} // Checks whether Output Restricted // Queue is empty or not. bool Deque::isEmpty() { return (front == -1); }
// Function to insert element at front // end of Output Restricted Queue void Deque::insertfront( int key)
{ // Check whether Deque if full or not
if (isFull()) {
cout << "Overflow\n"
<< endl;
return ;
}
// If queue is initially empty
if (front == -1) {
front = 0;
rear = 0;
}
// Front is at first position of queue
else if (front == 0)
front = size - 1;
else
// Decrement front end by '1'
front = front - 1;
// Insert current element into Deque
arr[front] = key;
} // Function to insert element at rear end // of Output Restricted Queue void Deque::insertrear( int key)
{ if (isFull()) {
cout << " Overflow\n " << endl;
return ;
}
// If queue is initially empty
if (front == -1) {
front = 0;
rear = 0;
}
// Rear is at last position of queue
else if (rear == size - 1)
rear = 0;
// Increment rear end by '1'
else
rear = rear + 1;
// Insert current element into Deque
arr[rear] = key;
} // Deletes element at front end of // Output Restricted Queue void Deque::deletefront()
{ // Check whether Deque
// is empty or not
if (isEmpty()) {
cout << "Queue Underflow\n"
<< endl;
return ;
}
// Deque has only one element
if (front == rear) {
front = -1;
rear = -1;
}
else
// Back to initial position
if (front == size - 1)
front = 0;
else
// Increment front by '1' to remove
// current front value from Deque
front = front + 1;
} // Returns front element of Output // Restricted Queue int Deque::getFront()
{ // Check whether Deque
// is empty or not
if (isEmpty()) {
cout << " Underflow\n"
<< endl;
return -1;
}
return arr[front];
} // Function to return rear element of // Output Restricted Queue int Deque::getRear()
{ // Check whether Deque
// is empty or not
if (isEmpty() || rear < 0) {
cout << " Underflow\n"
<< endl;
return -1;
}
return arr[rear];
} // Driver code int main()
{ Deque dq(5);
// Function calls
cout << "Inserted element at rear end : 10 \n" ;
dq.insertrear(10);
cout << "Inserted element at rear end : 15 \n" ;
dq.insertrear(15);
cout << "Inserted element at front end : 5 \n" ;
dq.insertfront(5);
cout << "Get rear element : "
<< " " << dq.getRear() << endl;
cout << "Get front element : " << dq.getFront() << endl;
dq.deletefront();
cout << "After delete front element new "
<< "front become : " << dq.getFront() << endl;
return 0;
} |
Java
import java.util.Arrays;
class Deque {
int [] arr;
int front;
int rear;
int size;
public Deque( int size) {
front = - 1 ;
rear = 0 ;
this .size = size;
arr = new int [size];
}
// Operations on Output Restricted Queue
public void insertfront( int key) {
if (isFull()) {
System.out.println( "Overflow\n" );
return ;
}
if (front == - 1 ) {
front = 0 ;
rear = 0 ;
}
else if (front == 0 ) {
front = size - 1 ;
}
else {
front = front - 1 ;
}
arr[front] = key;
}
public void insertrear( int key) {
if (isFull()) {
System.out.println( "Overflow\n" );
return ;
}
if (front == - 1 ) {
front = 0 ;
rear = 0 ;
}
else if (rear == size - 1 ) {
rear = 0 ;
}
else {
rear = rear + 1 ;
}
arr[rear] = key;
}
public void deletefront() {
if (isEmpty()) {
System.out.println( "Queue Underflow\n" );
return ;
}
if (front == rear) {
front = - 1 ;
rear = - 1 ;
}
else if (front == size - 1 ) {
front = 0 ;
}
else {
front = front + 1 ;
}
}
public boolean isFull() {
return ((front == 0 && rear == size - 1 ) || front == rear + 1 );
}
public boolean isEmpty() { return (front == - 1 ); }
public int getFront() {
if (isEmpty()) {
System.out.println( "Underflow\n" );
return - 1 ;
}
return arr[front];
}
public int getRear() {
if (isEmpty() || rear < 0 ) {
System.out.println( "Underflow\n" );
return - 1 ;
}
return arr[rear];
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
Deque dq = new Deque( 5 );
// Function calls
System.out.println( "Inserted element at rear end : 10 \n" );
dq.insertrear( 10 );
System.out.println( "Inserted element at rear end : 15 \n" );
dq.insertrear( 15 );
System.out.println( "Inserted element at front end : 5 \n" );
dq.insertfront( 5 );
System.out.println( "Get rear element : " + dq.getRear() + "\n" );
System.out.println( "Get front element : " + dq.getFront() + "\n" );
dq.deletefront();
System.out.println( "After delete front element new front become : " + dq.getFront() + "\n" );
}
} |
Python3
class Deque:
# Initialize the deque with a given size
def __init__( self , size):
self .arr = [ 0 ] * size
self .front = - 1
self .rear = 0
self .size = size
# Check if the deque is full
def is_full( self ):
return self .front = = 0 and self .rear = = self .size - 1 or self .front = = self .rear + 1
# Check if the deque is empty
def is_empty( self ):
return self .front = = - 1
# Insert an element at the front of the deque
def insertfront( self , key):
if self .is_full():
print ( "Overflow\n" )
return
if self .front = = - 1 :
self .front = 0
self .rear = 0
elif self .front = = 0 :
self .front = self .size - 1
else :
self .front = self .front - 1
self .arr[ self .front] = key
# Insert an element at the rear of the deque
def insertrear( self , key):
if self .is_full():
print ( "Overflow\n" )
return
if self .front = = - 1 :
self .front = 0
self .rear = 0
elif self .rear = = self .size - 1 :
self .rear = 0
else :
self .rear = self .rear + 1
self .arr[ self .rear] = key
# Delete an element from the front of the deque
def deletefront( self ):
if self .is_empty():
print ( "Queue Underflow\n" )
return
if self .front = = self .rear:
self .front = - 1
self .rear = - 1
elif self .front = = self .size - 1 :
self .front = 0
else :
self .front = self .front + 1
# Get the element at the front of the deque
def get_front( self ):
if self .is_empty():
print ( "Underflow\n" )
return - 1
return self .arr[ self .front]
# Get the element at the rear of the deque
def get_rear( self ):
if self .is_empty() or self .rear < 0 :
print ( "Underflow\n" )
return - 1
return self .arr[ self .rear]
# Example usage dq = Deque( 5 )
print ( "Inserted element at rear end : 10" )
dq.insertrear( 10 )
print ( "Inserted element at rear end : 15" )
dq.insertrear( 15 )
print ( "Inserted element at front end : 5" )
dq.insertfront( 5 )
print ( "Get rear element :" , dq.get_rear())
print ( "Get front element :" , dq.get_front())
dq.deletefront() print ( "After delete front element new front become :" , dq.get_front())
# This code is contributed by divyansh2212 |
Javascript
<script> // javascript implementation of Output Restricted // Queue using circular array // Maximum size of array or Output // Restricted Queue const MAX = 100; // A structure to represent a Output // Restricted Queue class Deque { constructor(size){
this .arr = new Array(size).fill(0);
this .front = -1;
this .rear = 0;
this .size = size;
}
// Checks whether Output Restricted
// Queue is full or not.
isFull()
{
return (( this .front == 0 && this .rear == this .size - 1) || this .front == this .rear + 1);
}
// Checks whether Output Restricted
// Queue is empty or not.
isEmpty() {
return ( this .front == -1);
}
// Function to insert element at front
// end of Output Restricted Queue
insertfront(key)
{
// Check whether Deque if full or not
if ( this .isFull()) {
console.log( "overflow" );
return ;
}
// If queue is initially empty
if ( this .front == -1) {
this .front = 0;
this .rear = 0;
}
// Front is at first position of queue
else if ( this .front == 0)
this .front = this .size - 1;
else
// Decrement front end by '1'
this .front = this .front - 1;
// Insert current element into Deque
this .arr[ this .front] = key;
}
// Function to insert element at rear end
// of Output Restricted Queue
insertrear(key)
{
// Check whether Deque if full or not
if ( this .isFull()) {
console.log( "overflow" );
return ;
}
// If queue is initially empty
if ( this .front == -1) {
this .front = 0;
this .rear = 0;
}
// Rear is at last position of queue
else if ( this .rear == this .size - 1)
this .rear = 0;
// Increment rear end by '1'
else
this .rear = this .rear + 1;
// Insert current element into Deque
this .arr[ this .rear] = key;
}
// Deletes element at front end of
// Output Restricted Queue
deletefront()
{
// Check whether Deque
// is empty or not
if ( this .isEmpty()) {
console.log( "Queue Underflow" );
return ;
}
// Deque has only one element
if ( this .front == this .rear) {
this .front = -1;
this .rear = -1;
}
else
// Back to initial position
if ( this .front == this .size - 1)
this .front = 0;
else
// Increment front by '1' to remove
// current front value from Deque
this .front = this .front + 1;
}
// Returns front element of Output
// Restricted Queue
getFront()
{
// Check whether Deque
// is empty or not
if ( this .isEmpty()) {
console.log( " Underflow" );
return -1;
}
return this .arr[ this .front];
}
// Function to return rear element of
// Output Restricted Queue
getRear()
{
// Check whether Deque
// is empty or not
if ( this .isEmpty() || this .rear < 0) {
console.log( " Underflow" );
return -1;
}
return this .arr[ this .rear];
}
}; // Driver code let dq = new Deque(5);
// Function calls document.write( "Inserted element at rear end : 10 \n" );
dq.insertrear(10); document.write( "Inserted element at rear end : 15 \n " );
dq.insertrear(15); document.write( "Inserted element at front end : 5 \n" );
dq.insertfront(5); document.write( "Get rear element : " , dq.getRear());
document.write( "\n" );
document.write( "Get front element : " , dq.getFront());
document.write( "\n" );
dq.deletefront(); document.write( "After delete front element new front become : " , dq.getFront());
// The code is contributed by Nidhi goel. </script> |
C#
using System;
public class Deque
{ private int [] items;
private int front;
private int rear;
private int size;
private int capacity;
public Deque( int capacity)
{
this .capacity = capacity;
items = new int [capacity];
front = 0;
rear = -1;
size = 0;
}
public void insertrear( int item)
{
if (isFull())
throw new OverflowException( "Deque is full" );
rear = (rear + 1) % capacity;
items[rear] = item;
size++;
}
public void insertfront( int item)
{
if (isFull())
throw new OverflowException( "Deque is full" );
front = (front - 1 + capacity) % capacity;
items[front] = item;
size++;
}
public void deletefront()
{
if (isEmpty())
throw new InvalidOperationException( "Deque is empty" );
front = (front + 1) % capacity;
size--;
}
public int getFront()
{
if (isEmpty())
throw new InvalidOperationException( "Deque is empty" );
return items[front];
}
public int getRear()
{
if (isEmpty())
throw new InvalidOperationException( "Deque is empty" );
return items[rear];
}
public bool isEmpty()
{
return size == 0;
}
public bool isFull()
{
return size == capacity;
}
} public class Program
{ public static void Main()
{
Deque dq = new Deque(5);
// Function calls
Console.WriteLine( "Inserted element at rear end : 10" );
dq.insertrear(10);
Console.WriteLine( "Inserted element at rear end : 15" );
dq.insertrear(15);
Console.WriteLine( "Inserted element at front end : 5" );
dq.insertfront(5);
Console.WriteLine( "Get rear element : {0}" , dq.getRear());
Console.WriteLine( "Get front element : {0}" , dq.getFront());
dq.deletefront();
Console.WriteLine( "After delete front element new front become : {0}" , dq.getFront());
}
} |
Output
Inserted element at rear end : 10 Inserted element at rear end : 15 Inserted element at front end : 5 Get rear element : 15 Get front element : 5 After delete front element new front become : 10
Time Complexity: O(N)
Auxiliary Space: O(N)
Need to implement Output restricted queue:
- It is needed when we have to inhibit deletion from the rear of the deque.
- It is used in job scheduling algorithms.
Advantages of Output Restricted Queue:
- Security of the system by restricting the delete method of the queue at the rear.
Disadvantages of Output Restricted Queue:
- Can’t provide the added functionality in comparison to Deque.
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