Given an array A[] of length N and an integer K, the task is to maximize the value of expression [i.j – K.(Ai | Aj)] over all pairs (i, j) in given Array, where (1 ≤ i < j ≤ N) and | denotes Bitwise OR operator.
Examples:
Input: A[] = {5, 20, 1, 0, 8, 11}, K = 10
Output: 2
Explanation: The maximum value of the expression f(i, j) = i.j – K.(A[i] | A[j]) can be found for below pair:
f(3, 4) = 3.4 – 10.(1 | 0) = 2Input: A[] = {1, 5, 6, 7, 8, 19}, K = 3
Output: -9
Approach: The following observations have to be made:
Let f(i, j) = i.j – K.(Ai | Aj).
=> Notice that for f(i, j) to be maximum, i.j should be maximum and K.(Ai | Aj) should be minimum.
=> Thus, in the best case, f(i, j) will be maximum if
=> K.(Ai | Aj) is equal to 0
=> i = (N-1) and j = N.
=> So, the maximum value of the expression can be f(i, j) = (N-1)*N.=> Also, the minimum value will be obtained by subtracting the maximum value of K.(Ai | Aj) from (N-1)*N.
=> It is known that
a | b < 2*max(a, b) where | is the bitwise OR operator
From the above property and the given constraints, it can be inferred:
- The maximum value of (Ai | Aj) can be 2*N. because (0 ≤ Ai≤ N)
- The maximum value of K can be 100 because (1 ≤ K ≤ min(N, 100)).
- So, the minimum value of f(i, j) will be:
f(i, j) = (N-1)*N – K*(Ai | Aj)
= (N-1)*N – 100*2*N
= N*(N – 201)
- It can be easily observed that the resultant answer will always lie between:
N*(N-201) <= ans <= (N-1)*N
- Also, notice that for i = N – 201 and j = N,
- the maximum value of f(i, j) will be N*(N – 201),
- which in turn is the minimum value of f(i, j) for i = N – 1 and j = N.
- Thus, the maximum value of the expression has to be checked from i = N – 201 to i = N and j = i+1 to j = N.
Below is the implementation of the above approach:
// C++ program for the above approach #include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std;
// Function to find the maximum // value of the given expression long long int maxValue( int N, int K,
long long int A[])
{ // Stores the maximum value of
// the given expression
long long int ans = LLONG_MIN;
// Nested loops to find the maximum
// value of the given expression
for ( long long int i = max(0, N - 201);
i < N; ++i) {
for ( long long int j = i + 1;
j < N; ++j) {
ans = max(ans, (i + 1) * (j + 1)
- K * (A[i] | A[j]));
}
}
// Return the answer
return ans;
} // Driver Code int main()
{ // Given input
int N = 6, K = 10;
long long int A[N]
= { 5, 20, 1, 0, 8, 11 };
// Function Call
cout << maxValue(N, K, A);
return 0;
} |
// Java program for the above approach import java.io.*;
import java.lang.*;
import java.util.*;
class GFG {
// Function to find the maximum
// value of the given expression
static int maxValue( int N, int K,
int A[])
{
// Stores the maximum value of
// the given expression
int ans = Integer.MIN_VALUE;
// Nested loops to find the maximum
// value of the given expression
for ( int i = Math.max( 0 , N - 201 );
i < N; ++i) {
for ( int j = i + 1 ;
j < N; ++j) {
ans = Math.max(ans, (i + 1 ) * (j + 1 )
- K * (A[i] | A[j]));
}
}
// Return the answer
return ans;
}
// Driver Code
public static void main (String[] args)
{
// Given input
int N = 6 , K = 10 ;
int A[] = { 5 , 20 , 1 , 0 , 8 , 11 };
// Function Call
System.out.println( maxValue(N, K, A));
}
} // This code is contributed by hrithikgarg03188. |
# Python3 program for the above approach LLONG_MIN = - 9223372036854775808
# Function to find the maximum # value of the given expression def maxValue(N, K, A):
# Stores the maximum value of
# the given expression
ans = LLONG_MIN
# Nested loops to find the maximum
# value of the given expression
for i in range ( max ( 0 , N - 201 ), N):
for j in range (i + 1 , N):
ans = max (ans, (i + 1 ) * (j + 1 )
- K * (A[i] | A[j]))
# Return the answer
return ans
# Driver Code if __name__ = = "__main__" :
# Given input
N, K = 6 , 10
A = [ 5 , 20 , 1 , 0 , 8 , 11 ]
# Function Call
print (maxValue(N, K, A))
# This code is contributed by rakeshsahni |
// C# program for the above approach using System;
class GFG {
// Function to find the maximum
// value of the given expression
static int maxValue( int N, int K,
int []A)
{
// Stores the maximum value of
// the given expression
int ans = Int32.MinValue;
// Nested loops to find the maximum
// value of the given expression
for ( int i = Math.Max(0, N - 201);
i < N; ++i) {
for ( int j = i + 1;
j < N; ++j) {
ans = Math.Max(ans, (i + 1) * (j + 1)
- K * (A[i] | A[j]));
}
}
// Return the answer
return ans;
}
// Driver Code
public static void Main ()
{
// Given input
int N = 6, K = 10;
int []A = { 5, 20, 1, 0, 8, 11 };
// Function Call
Console.WriteLine(maxValue(N, K, A));
}
} // This code is contributed by Samim Hossain Mondal. |
<script> // JavaScript code for the above approach
// Function to find the maximum
// value of the given expression
function maxValue(N, K, A)
{
// Stores the maximum value of
// the given expression
let ans = Number.MIN_VALUE;
// Nested loops to find the maximum
// value of the given expression
for (let i = Math.max(0, N - 201);
i < N; ++i) {
for (let j = i + 1;
j < N; ++j) {
ans = Math.max(ans, (i + 1) * (j + 1)
- K * (A[i] | A[j]));
}
}
// Return the answer
return ans;
}
// Driver Code
// Given input
let N = 6, K = 10;
let A
= [5, 20, 1, 0, 8, 11];
// Function Call
document.write(maxValue(N, K, A));
// This code is contributed by Potta Lokesh
</script>
|
2
Time Complexity: O(N2)
Auxiliary Space: O(1)