There are two types of XML parsers namely Simple API for XML and Document Object Model.
- SAX
- DOM
SAX (Simple API for XML), is the most widely adopted API for XML in Java and is considered the de-facto standard. Although it started as a library exclusive to Java, it is now a well-known API distributed over a variety of programming languages. It is an open-source project and has recently switched to SourceForge project infrastructure that makes it easier to track open SAX issues outside the high-volume XML-dev list. The current latest version as of 01/10/2018 is SAX 2.0. It uses an event-driven serial-access mechanism for accessing XML documents and is frequently used by applets that need to access XML documents because it is the fastest and least memory-consuming API available for parsing XML documents. The mechanism SAX uses makes it independent of the elements that came before, i.e. it is state-independent.
DOM stands for Document Object Model. The DOM API provides the classes to read and write an XML file. DOM reads an entire document. It is useful when reading small to medium size XML files. It is a tree-based parser and a little slow when compared to SAX and occupies more space when loaded into memory. We can insert and delete nodes using the DOM API.
Now, the package that provides linkage applications for clients that work with an XML document is called an XML Parser. It was planned to read the XML documents. An XML Parser was created for doing programs to use XML.
SAX Parser
SAX represents a simple API for XML and a SAX API is implemented by SAX Parser. This API was called event-based API which provides interfaces on handlers. There are four handler interfaces. ContentHandler, DTDHandler, EntityResolver, and ErrorHandler interface. It does not create any internal structure rather it takes the occurrences of components of an input document as events, and then it tells the client what it reads as it reads through the input document. It is suitable for large XML files because it doesn’t require loading the whole XML file.
Features Of SAX Parser
- The internal structure can not be created by SAX Parser.
- These event-based SAX parsers work the same as the event handler in Java.
Advantages Of SAX Parser
- Very simple to use and has good efficiency of memory.
- Its runtime is too fast and it can work for a bigger document or file system.
Disadvantages Of SAX Parser
- Its ability to understand APIs is too less than an event-based API.
- We can’t know the full information because of a lot of pieces of data.
DOM Parser
DOM represents the Document Object model. When an object contains some information about XML documents, is called DOM Parser. This looks like a tree structure. DOM API is implemented by a DOM Parser, which is very easy and simple to use. It represents an XML Document into tree format in which each element represents tree branches and creates an In Memory tree representation of XML file and then parses it more memory is required for this.
Features Of DOM Parser
- The internal structure can be created by DOM Parser.
- Because of these internal structures, the client can get information about the original XML docs.
Advantages Of DOM Parser
- DOM API is easy to use so that we can do both write and read operations.
- When a document is required then it preferred a wide part that can be randomly accessed.
Disadvantages Of DOM Parser
- Its efficiency of memory is not too good, it takes more memory cause XML docs needed to load in there.
- In comparison to the SAX parser, it is too slow.
Hence, conclusive differences between SAX Parser and DOM Parser in Java is as follows
|
SAX Parser |
DOM Parser |
|---|---|
| It is called a Simple API for XML Parsing. | It is called as Document Object Model. |
| It’s an event-based parser. | It stays in a tree structure. |
| SAX Parser is slower than DOM Parser. | DOM Parser is faster than SAX Parser. |
| Best for the larger sizes of files. | Best for the smaller size of files. |
| It is suitable for making XML files in Java. | It is not good at making XML files in low memory. |
| The internal structure can not be created by SAX Parser. | The internal structure can be created by DOM Parser. |
| It is read-only. | It can insert or delete nodes. |
| In the SAX parser backward navigation is not possible. | In DOM parser backward and forward search is possible |
| Suitable for efficient memory. | Suitable for large XML document. |
| A small part of the XML file is only loaded in memory. | It loads whole XML documents in memory. |