The diagram of seed germination depicts the various anatomical stages in the transformation of a seed into a seedling and eventually a mature plant. The diagram of seed germination class 10 is important as it visually represents the initial emergence of the root system (radicle) from the seed, succeeded by the development of the shoot system (plumule).
The labeled diagram of the seed germination process is given below:
Table of Content
What is Seed Germination?
The diagram of seed germination shows the process through which plant species develop from a single seed into a fully grown plant. There are two types of seed germination: epigeal germination and hypogeal germination. The radicle, the roots growth point, emerges from the base of the embryo axis, while the plumule representing the shoot growing point, is located at the upper end of the embryo axis, above the cotyledon. The part of the seedling stem located above the cotyledons is termed as epicotyl while the portion below the cotyledon is termed as hypocotyl.
Also Read: Parts of Seed
Process of Seed Germination in Plants
The process can be studied with the help of labeled diagram of seed germination. It includes:
- In the initial phase of germination, seeds absorbs water quickly, causing the seed coat to swell and soften under the optimal temperature conditions. This stage is known as imbibition. It initiates the growth process by activating enzymes.
- Subsequently, the seed activates its internal physiological activities, starting respiration, protein synthesis, and metabolizing the stored food. This marks the lag phase of seed germination.
- Following the rupture of the seed coat, the radicle emerges to develop into the primary root, initiating the absorption of water from the soil. Once both the radicle and plumule emerges, the shoot initiates its upward growth.
- In the last stage, the cells within the seeds become metabolically active, undergoing elonagation and division to facilitate the emergence of the seedling.
Also Read: Difference Between Radicle and Plumule
Factors Affecting Seed Germination
The conditions necessary for seed germination typically include:
- Water: Water is very important for seed germination as it serves several essential functions. Firstly, it hydrates the protoplasm enabling vital cellular activities. Additionally, water provides dissolved oxygen necessary for the embryos growth. It also softens the seed coats enhancing seed permeability.
- Oxygen: Oxygen is a energy source necessary for seed growth. During germination, it fuels metabolic processes and utilised in aerobic respiration until the seed can develop its own green leaves.
- Temperature: Seeds require a moderate temperature range of approximately 25-30°C for germination. However, optimal temperatures vary among different seed types.
- Light or darkness: Sunlight serves as an environmental trigger for many seeds, prompting their germination only when exposed to its rays.
- Soil depth: Seed are planted at the appropriate depth ensuring they receive the right amount of warmth, moisture and oxygen for the germination of seed.
Conclusion – Diagram of Seed Germination
The labeled diagram of seed germination process shows the shift from a dormant seed to an actively growing seedling. Initiated by imbibition, wherein the seed absorbs water, metabolic processes are activated. Essential environmental factors like temperature, water, oxygen, light, moisture influence germination. Overcoming dormancy barrier, including permeable seed coat and hormonal inhibitors is successful for germination. As a seedling progresses, it establishes root for stability and absorbs nutrients from the soil. Ultimately, the seedling matures into a fully developed plant, completing the germination process.
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FAQs on Diagram of Seed Germination
What is Germination Class 10 with Diagram?
Germination is the process by which a seed begins to grow and develop into a new plant. It involves the activation of metabolic processes and the emergence of the embryo from dormancy.
What are the Five Factors that Favours Seed Germination?
The five factors that favours seed germination are water, temperature, light, oxygen and soil .
What is the Most Important Factor in Seed Germination?
Water serves as the primary regulator of germination, initiating the process through imbibition.
What is the Importance of Germination?
Seed germination is crucial for sustained plant production, crucial for human survival , including the supply of medicinal plants, animal feed and food security.
What is Seed dormancy?
Seed dormancy is a period during which viable seeds are unable to germinate.
What are the Steps of Seed Germination Class 6?
Seed germination involves water absorption, enzyme activation, and embryo growth, leading to the emergence of the radicle and shoot. The cotyledons provide initial nutrients until the seedling can sustain itself through photosynthesis.