Forms are the gateway for interaction between users and web services. As the complexity of data collection increases, so does the need for more user-friendly form interfaces. A multi-step form, by breaking down the data collection process into manageable chunks, enhances user experience and improves form completion rates. We will going to create a multi-step form in Bootstrap5 and JavaScript.
Approach
- HTML Structure: Begin with a well-defined HTML structure for the form, including a form container, input fields, and navigation buttons.
- Styling with CSS and Bootstrap: Utilize Bootstrap’s classes for styling, ensuring responsiveness and user-friendliness. Bootstrap utilities like margin, padding, and flexbox aid in designing layouts and transitions between form steps.
- Adding a Progress Bar: Enhance the form with a progress bar, offering users a visual representation of their completion status. This not only motivates users but also provides clarity on their progress through the form.
- Implementing Interactivity with JavaScript: JavaScript adds interactivity to the form, enabling logic for step transitions and dynamic display of form sections.
Example: This example shows the implementation of the above-explained approach.
HTML
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,
initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Multi Step Form</title>
<!-- Bootstrap CSS -->
<link href=
<!-- Google Font -->
<link href=
<!-- Custom CSS -->
<style>
body {
font-family: 'Open Sans', sans-serif;
background-color: #f8f9fa;
}
.container {
max-width: 500px;
background-color: #ffffff;
margin: 40px auto;
padding: 40px;
border-radius: 12px;
box-shadow: 0px 6px 18px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}
.step {
display: none;
}
.active {
display: block;
}
input {
padding: 15px 20px;
width: 100%;
font-size: 1em;
border: 1px solid #e3e3e3;
border-radius: 5px;
}
input:focus {
border: 1px solid #009688;
outline: 0;
}
.invalid {
border: 1px solid #ffaba5;
}
#nextBtn,
#prevBtn {
background-color: #009688;
color: #ffffff;
border: none;
padding: 13px 30px;
font-size: 1em;
cursor: pointer;
border-radius: 5px;
flex: 1;
margin-top: 5px;
transition: background-color 0.3s ease;
}
#prevBtn {
background-color: #ffffff;
color: #009688;
border: 1px solid #009688;
}
#prevBtn:hover,
#nextBtn:hover {
background-color: #00796b;
color: #ffffff;
}
.progress {
margin-bottom: 20px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<div class="progress">
<div class="progress-bar
progress-bar-striped bg-success"
role="progressbar"
style="width: 0%"
aria-valuenow="0" aria-valuemin="0"
aria-valuemax="100"></div>
</div>
<div class="step active">
<p class="text-center mb-4">Step 1 Content</p>
<div class="mb-3">
<input type="text" placeholder="Field 1"
oninput="this.className = ''"
name="field1">
</div>
</div>
<div class="step">
<p class="text-center mb-4">Step 2 Content</p>
<div class="mb-3">
<input type="text" placeholder="Field 2"
oninput="this.className = ''" name="field2">
</div>
</div>
<div class="step">
<p class="text-center mb-4">Step 3 Content</p>
<div class="mb-3">
<input type="text" placeholder="Field 3"
oninput="this.className = ''" name="field3">
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-footer d-flex">
<button type="button" id="prevBtn"
onclick="nextPrev(-1)">Previous</button>
<button type="button" id="nextBtn"
onclick="nextPrev(1)">Next</button>
</div>
</div>
<script>
let currentTab = 0;
showTab(currentTab);
function showTab(n) {
let x = document.getElementsByClassName("step");
x[n].style.display = "block";
let progress = (n / (x.length - 1)) * 100;
document.querySelector(".progress-bar")
.style.width = progress + "%";
document.querySelector(".progress-bar")
.setAttribute("aria-valuenow", progress);
document.getElementById("prevBtn")
.style.display = n == 0 ? "none" : "inline";
document.getElementById("nextBtn")
.innerHTML = n == x.length - 1 ? "Submit" : "Next";
}
function nextPrev(n) {
let x = document.getElementsByClassName("step");
if (n == 1 && !validateForm()) return false;
x[currentTab].style.display = "none";
currentTab += n;
if (currentTab >= x.length) {
resetForm();
return false;
}
showTab(currentTab);
}
function validateForm() {
let valid = true;
let x = document.getElementsByClassName("step");
let y = x[currentTab].getElementsByTagName("input");
for (var i = 0; i < y.length; i++) {
if (y[i].value == "") {
y[i].className += " invalid";
valid = false;
}
}
return valid;
}
function resetForm() {
let x = document.getElementsByClassName("step");
for (var i = 0; i < x.length; i++) {
x[i].style.display = "none";
}
let inputs = document.querySelectorAll("input");
inputs.forEach(input => {
input.value = "";
input.className = "";
});
currentTab = 0;
showTab(currentTab);
document.querySelector(".progress-bar")
.style.width = "0%";
document.querySelector(".progress-bar")
.setAttribute("aria-valuenow", 0);
document.getElementById("prevBtn")
.style.display = "none";
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
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Output:
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