We need to make a string of size n. Each character of the string is either ‘R’, ‘B’ or ‘G’. In the final string there needs to be at least r number of ‘R’, at least b number of ‘B’ and at least g number of ‘G’ (such that r + g + b <= n). We need to find number of such strings possible.
Examples:
Input : n = 4, r = 1, b = 1, g = 1. Output: 36 No. of 'R' >= 1, No. of ‘G’ >= 1, No. of ‘B’ >= 1 and (No. of ‘R’) + (No. of ‘B’) + (No. of ‘G’) = n then following cases are possible: 1. RBGR and its 12 permutation 2. RBGB and its 12 permutation 3. RBGG and its 12 permutation Hence answer is 36.
Asked in : Directi
Implementation:
C++
// C++ program to count number of possible strings // with n characters. #include<bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std;
// Function to calculate number of strings int possibleStrings( int n, int r, int b, int g)
{ // Store factorial of numbers up to n
// for further computation
int fact[n+1];
fact[0] = 1;
for ( int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
fact[i] = fact[i-1] * i;
// Find the remaining values to be added
int left = n - (r+g+b);
int sum = 0;
// Make all possible combinations
// of R, B and G for the remaining value
for ( int i = 0; i <= left; i++)
{
for ( int j = 0; j<= left-i; j++)
{
int k = left - (i+j);
// Compute permutation of each combination
// one by one and add them.
sum = sum + fact[n] /
(fact[i+r]*fact[j+b]*fact[k+g]);
}
}
// Return total no. of strings/permutation
return sum;
} // Drivers code int main()
{ int n = 4, r = 2;
int b = 0, g = 1;
cout << possibleStrings(n, r, b, g);
return 0;
} |
Java
// Java program to count number of possible // strings with n characters. class GFG{
//Function to calculate number of strings
static int possibleStrings( int n, int r, int b, int g)
{
// Store factorial of numbers up to n
// for further computation
int fact[] = new int [n+ 1 ];
fact[ 0 ] = 1 ;
for ( int i = 1 ; i <= n; i++)
fact[i] = fact[i- 1 ] * i;
// Find the remaining values to be added
int left = n - (r+g+b);
int sum = 0 ;
// Make all possible combinations
// of R, B and G for the remaining value
for ( int i = 0 ; i <= left; i++)
{
for ( int j = 0 ; j<= left-i; j++)
{
int k = left - (i+j);
// Compute permutation of each combination
// one by one and add them.
sum = sum + fact[n] /
(fact[i+r]*fact[j+b]*fact[k+g]);
}
}
// Return total no. of strings/permutation
return sum;
}
//Drivers code
public static void main(String []args)
{
int n = 4 , r = 2 ;
int b = 0 , g = 1 ;
System.out.println(possibleStrings(n, r, b, g));
}
} |
Python3
# Python 3 program to count number of # possible strings with n characters. # Function to calculate number of strings def possibleStrings(n, r, b, g):
# Store factorial of numbers up to n
# for further computation
fact = [ 0 for i in range (n + 1 )]
fact[ 0 ] = 1
for i in range ( 1 , n + 1 , 1 ):
fact[i] = fact[i - 1 ] * i
# Find the remaining values to be added
left = n - (r + g + b)
sum = 0
# Make all possible combinations of
# R, B and G for the remaining value
for i in range ( 0 , left + 1 , 1 ):
for j in range ( 0 , left - i + 1 , 1 ):
k = left - (i + j)
# Compute permutation of each
# combination one by one and add them.
sum = ( sum + fact[n] / (fact[i + r] * fact[j + b] * fact[k + g]))
# Return total no. of
# strings/permutation
return sum
# Driver code if __name__ = = '__main__' :
n = 4
r = 2
b = 0
g = 1
print ( int (possibleStrings(n, r, b, g)))
# This code is contributed by # Sanjit_Prasad |
C#
// C# program to count number of possible // strings with n characters. using System;
class GFG
{ //Function to calculate number of strings
static int possibleStrings( int n, int r,
int b, int g)
{
// Store factorial of numbers up to n
// for further computation
int [] fact = new int [n + 1];
fact[0] = 1;
for ( int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
fact[i] = fact[i - 1] * i;
// Find the remaining values to be added
int left = n - (r + g + b);
int sum = 0;
// Make all possible combinations
// of R, B and G for the remaining value
for ( int i = 0; i <= left; i++)
{
for ( int j = 0; j <= left - i; j++)
{
int k = left - (i + j);
// Compute permutation of each combination
// one by one and add them.
sum = sum + fact[n] / (fact[i + r] *
fact[j + b] * fact[k + g]);
}
}
// Return total no. of strings/permutation
return sum;
}
//Drivers code
public static void Main()
{
int n = 4, r = 2;
int b = 0, g = 1;
Console.WriteLine(possibleStrings(n, r, b, g));
}
} // This Code is contributed by Code_Mech. |
PHP
<?php // PHP program to count number // of possible strings with // n characters. // Function to calculate // number of strings function possibleStrings( $n , $r , $b , $g )
{ // Store factorial of
// numbers up to n for
// further computation
$fact [0] = 1;
for ( $i = 1; $i <= $n ; $i ++)
$fact [ $i ] = $fact [ $i - 1] * $i ;
// Find the remaining
// values to be added
$left = $n - ( $r + $g + $b );
$sum = 0;
// Make all possible combinations
// of R, B and G for the remaining value
for ( $i = 0; $i <= $left ; $i ++)
{
for ( $j = 0; $j <= $left - $i ; $j ++)
{
$k = $left - ( $i + $j );
// Compute permutation of
// each combination one
// by one and add them.
$sum = $sum + $fact [ $n ] /
( $fact [ $i + $r ] *
$fact [ $j + $b ] *
$fact [ $k + $g ]);
}
}
// Return total no. of
// strings/permutation
return $sum ;
} // Driver Code
$n = 4; $r = 2;
$b = 0; $g = 1;
echo possibleStrings( $n , $r , $b , $g );
// This code is contributed by jit_t. ?> |
Javascript
<script> // Javascript program to count number of possible // strings with n characters. // Function to calculate number of strings
function possibleStrings(n,r,b,g)
{
// Store factorial of numbers up to n
// for further computation
let fact = new Array(n+1);
fact[0] = 1;
for (let i = 1; i <= n; i++)
fact[i] = fact[i-1] * i;
// Find the remaining values to be added
let left = n - (r+g+b);
let sum = 0;
// Make all possible combinations
// of R, B and G for the remaining value
for (let i = 0; i <= left; i++)
{
for (let j = 0; j<= left-i; j++)
{
let k = left - (i+j);
// Compute permutation of each combination
// one by one and add them.
sum = sum + fact[n] /
(fact[i+r]*fact[j+b]*fact[k+g]);
}
}
// Return total no. of strings/permutation
return sum;
}
// Drivers code
let n = 4, r = 2;
let b = 0, g = 1;
document.write(possibleStrings(n, r, b, g));
// This code is contributed by avanitrachhadiya2155
</script> |
Output
22
Time Complexity: O(n*n).
Auxiliary Space: O(n).
To handle n with large numbers, we can use the concept of Large Factorial.