For many cyber professionals and experts, Kali Linux is an influential and multifaceted penetration testing and ethical hacking distribution. Although the direct installation of Kali Linux on hardware is one means, virtual machines grant flexibility and the ability to conduct safe test runs. This article will look at some of the best virtual machines that are ideal for running Kali Linux with a detailed installation procedure.
Table of Content
1. VirtualBox
Oracle owns Virtual Box which is one of the best and open source virtualization tools which is very flexible with a simple interface. It enables multiple guest operating systems, one of which is Kali Linux. This is why many companies find VirtualBox appealing due to its ability to be used on several operating systems. The software is also free, in line with open-source values, and its snapshot feature allows for convenient backups and recovery of the system state. Although its operation does not necessarily outpace some of the commercial offers, VirtualBox still stands as a leading option in terms of affordability and efficacy for the consumer market.
Features:
- Free and Open-Source: The fact that VirtualBox is free makes it conform to the ideologies of open-source software.
- Cross-Platform Compatibility: The system can be used in various operating systems making the deployment possible in many computing environments.
- Snapshot Capabilities: Snapshot capability allows users to take backups conveniently as well as recover previous configurations of a particular virtual machine in VirtualBox.
Limitations:
- Guest Additions Dependency: The Guest Additions must be installed in the virtual machine for optimal performance.
- Performance Considerations: VirtualBox is suitable for most use cases; however, it can be less performant than some commercial alternatives.
Installation Steps:
- Go to the virtual box website and download it as well as the installation software.
- Launch VirtualBox, then select “New” to set up a virtual machine.
- Let the wizard configure the virtual machine choosing its type as a Linux and flavor as Debian (64-bit).
- Provide RAM, build a virtual HDD, and select the Kali Linux iso image for load up.
- Launch the machine and carry on with installing Kali Linux.
2. VMware Workstation
A powerful virtualization application – VMware Workstation is targeted at professional users with a rich toolset. VMware developed this to offer a smooth platform where running multiple operative systems e.g. Kali Linux. True, it is expensive but its advantages are apparent in sophisticated virtualization software, snapshot options, and it supports multiple OS. The stability, as well as flexibility of the product, make it one of the most popular solutions for those users who have specialized virtualization needs or those who have the requirement for specialized environments for some activities such as testing and development.
Features:
- Advanced Virtualization Tools: The advanced toolset for virtualization by VMware Workstation makes it fit for complicated cases.
- Snapshot and Cloning: Their users can take snapshots and even clones of virtual machines aiding in simple snapshots and testing.
- Multi-OS Support: This is compatible with many operating systems thus offering a wide testing platform.
Limitations:
- Cost: This software is a commercial one and therefore one has to purchase it to have all its features within his/her reach.
- Resource Requirements: This might need more system capacity, unlike the others in some of the virtualization options.
Installation Steps:
- Go to the VMware Workstation official webpage for download and installation.
- Launch the Open VMware Workstation, and select the “Create New Virtual Machine” button.
- Pick on “Typical” configuration, set Linux as the guest OS, and Debian 10. x 64-bit.
- Create virtual specs of hardware and allocate disks.
- Insert the Kali Linux ISO file and continue installing it from here.
3. Parallels Desktop (for Mac users)
Parallels Desktop is designed for Mac users to achieve an easy integration of macOS with guest operating systems such as Kali Linux. This is a virtualization solution created by Parallels which focuses on compatibility and performance and therefore, remains an appealing alternative to users in the Apple community. MacOS is a highly compatible operating system and incorporates features such as Coherence mode that makes it possible to run Windows applications on Mac, hence improving workflow efficiency. Parallels Desktop is also equipped to provide graphics-intense applications by supporting direct X and open GL. Despite it is developed only for Mac users and has a price, its features make it one of the best virtualization programs running on a Mac OS.
Features:
- Mac Integration: Users get a consistent feel when using Parallels Desktop because it fully integrates into macOS.
- Coherence Mode: The coherence mode allows users to run Windows applications on Mac, improving workprocess flow.
- Graphics Support: Supports DirectX and OpenGL so that graphics applications can run smoothly.
Limitations:
- Platform Specificity: Mainly developed for the Apple user, but restricting it to other non-Apple users.
- Cost: A commercial virtualization solution comes in the form of a “Parallels Desktop”.
Installation Steps:
- Go to Parallels Desktop and download it from its official site.
- Go ahead and open Parallels and create a new virtual machine by clicking “New.”
- Select “Install Windows or another OS from DVD or image” and point to the downloaded Kali Linux image.
- Adjust the setup of the virtual machine and initiate the installation procedure.
4. QEMU
The open-source emulator QEMU is a very flexible and portable alternative to virtualization. It is known for its flexibility – it runs on multiple architectures, systems, and host devices. The emulator developed by the QEMU project allows one to run Kali Linux in several environments. Being an open source, it is possible to change as required in the process of customization. Being portable and lightweight, the QEMU can be applied in a variety of virtualization scenarios. Its vast options may, however, result in a steeper learning curve for some users, with some units performing better compared to others depending on configurations as well as hardware specifications.
Features:
- Open-Source Nature: QEMU is free software that can be modified by users.
- Versatility: It is flexible in that it can work with different architectures and systems.
- Portability: QEMU is a portable alternative that works on multiple host system architectures.
Limitations:
- Learning Curve: Because of its many features, users could find a higher level of difficulty in learning.
- Performance Variability: Differences exist in performance based on configuration and hardware specification.
Installation Steps:
- Install QEMU in the host system by using a package manager (e.g. sudo apt-get install qemu for Debian-based system).
- Set up a Kali Linux with the assistance of Qemu tools.
- Boot the installation by running a Kali Linux bootable ISO in QEMU.
5. Hyper-V (for Windows users)
Hyper-V is the native virtualization platform for Windows and it is integrated in the latest versions of Microsoft Windows. It was developed by Microsoft and allows for running virtual machines including Kali Linux within a Windows environment. Windows users find the Hyper-V interface familiar with the provision of snapshot and cloning features for easy virtual machine management. An advantage in this case is that the functionality comes out as an inherent part of Windows, meaning no extra app installation or download is required. On the other hand, Hyper V only works in Windows environments, where its capability is dependent on guest operating systems.
Features:
- Windows Integration: Windows Hyper-V integrates it into the system itself hence creating a common ground for customers.
- Snapshot and Cloning: Taking snapshots and cloning the virtual machine ensures efficient management of users.
- Built-in Windows Feature: The Windows version comes installed already and is updated from scratch thus avoiding any extra downloads.
Limitations:
- Windows Exclusivity: It works only within Windows environments that might be incompatible with other OS users.
- Guest OS Compatibility: This is good for guest operating systems that are based on Windows but it might be lacking when working with non-windows guest operating systems.
Installation Steps:
- Turn on the Hyper-V feature of Windows.
- Launch Hyper-V manager and select New to create a new virtual machine.
- Go ahead and set virtual machine parameters, attach the Kali Linux ISO, and proceed with the installation.
- Install Kali Linux on a VM, boot it up, and proceed.
Conclusion
In conclusion, you should select the most appropriate virtual machine based on your needs and the host OS you have. One can utilize Parallels Desktop which integrates well with Mac OS. Another choice is VMware Workstation which comes with many advanced attributes. The final option would be adopting Virtual Box which boasts being one of the most user-friendly virtualization solutions available today. Try out different choices until you settle on one for your workflow and the standards of ethical hacking/penetration testing that suit well for your workflow.