Sum 2D array in Python using map() function

Given a 2-D matrix, we need to find sum of all elements present in matrix ? Examples:

Input  : arr = [[1, 2, 3], 
                [4, 5, 6], 
                [2, 1, 2]]
Output : Sum = 26

This problem can be solved easily using two for loops by iterating whole matrix but we can solve this problem quickly in python using map() function. 

Python3

# Function to calculate sum of all elements in matrix
# sum(arr) is a python inbuilt function which calculates
# sum of each element in a iterable ( array, list etc ).
# map(sum,arr) applies a given function to each item of
# an iterable and returns a list of the results.
def findSum(arr):

    # inner map function applies inbuilt function
    # sum on each row of matrix arr and returns
    # list of sum of elements of each row
    return sum(map(sum,arr))

# Driver function
if __name__ == "__main__":
    arr = [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [2, 1, 2]]
    print ("Sum = ",findSum(arr))

Output

Sum =  26

What does map() do?
The map() function applies a given function to each item of an iterable(list, tuple etc.) and returns a list of the results. For example see given below example : 

Python3

# Python code to demonstrate working of map()

# Function to calculate square of any number
def calculateSquare(n):
    return n*n

# numbers is a list of elements
numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4]

# Here map function is mapping calculateSquare 
# function to each element of numbers list.
# It is similar to pass each element of numbers 
# list one by one into calculateSquare function 
# and store result in another list
result = map(calculateSquare, numbers)

# resultant output will be [1,4,9,16]
print (result)
set_result=list(result)
print(set_result)

Output

<map object at 0x7fdf95d2a6d8>
[1, 4, 9, 16]

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