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Why has India a rich heritage of flora and fauna?

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The important reason why India has a rich heritage of flora and fauna in India is because of the varied climatic conditions which are present in India, with the presence of a rich variety of different soils. India is gifted with many physiological features which include deserts, islands, mountains, coastal areas, and plateaus.

Each country is characterized by its own biodiversity which depends mainly on the climate of that country. India has a rich biodiversity of flora and fauna. Overall, six percent of the world’s species are found in India. India is estimated to be 10th among the world’s plant-rich countries, 11th in the number of endemic species of higher vertebrates, and 6th among centers of diversity and origin of plants. agricultural crops. The total number of living species identified in our country is 1,50,000 species. Out of a total of 34 biodiversity hotspots in the world, India has 3. India is also one of the 12 largest countries in terms of biodiversity in the world. 

As per the Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India (2000) records, India has 47000 species of plants and 81000 species of animals which is about 7%, and 6.5% respectively of global flora and fauna.

 India has a rich heritage of flora and fauna

 India has a rich heritage of flora and fauna

Why India is a rich heritage of flora and fauna?

India is famous for its rich flora and fauna heritage. India has this because of the diversity of its climate and topography. India is very diverse in terms of landscape, natural vegetation, climate, and soil types, and there are so many lakes, rivers, plateaus, and mountains that you can see a wide variety of plant and animal species. Different regions of the country have different soil types.  India has a primarily monsoonal climate, but there are large variations in humidity and temperature across the country. Precipitation due to monsoon winds is also unevenly distributed. Therefore, all the factors responsible for the types of local flora and fauna such as land, soil, temperature, humidity, and precipitation, vary across the length and latitude of the country. 

The country’s diverse climatic zones support different types of natural environments, and these unique environments are home to unique plant and animal species. According to the latest estimates, the total number of plant species found in India is about 47,000 and there are about 90,000 different species of animals. In India, there are about 15,000 kinds of flowers (native species) out of 47,000 plant species, 2,000 kinds of birds, 2,546 kinds of fish out of 90,000 kinds of animals, and about 5-8% of all mammals and reptiles. occupy amphibian species around the world.

Related Links

  1. Flora and Fauna
  2. Difference between Flora and Fauna
  3. Conservation of Flora and Fauna

Frequently Asked Questions

Que 1. How can we say that India has a rich variety of fauna?

Answer-

India has a rich variety of flora and fauna with more than 89,000 species of fauna and more than 1200 varieties of birds and constitutes 13% of the total world stock.

Que 2. Which state is rich in flora and fauna?

Answer-

The state which is rich in flora and fauna includes Karnataka.

Que 3. What do you mean by flora and fauna in India?

Answer-

Flora and fauna refers to the diverse variety of plants and animals, which includes 500 varieties of mammals, 2000 varieties of birds, and many varieties of insects.


Last Updated : 07 Jul, 2023
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