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What is the Stress Formula?

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The external restorative force operating on per unit area is known as stress. There are two types of stress, Normal Stress and Tangential or Shearing Stress.

The symbol for stress is N/m2 is the unit of measurement and denoted by (σ)

Stress Formula

The stress formula can be defined as,

σ = F / A

where,

  • σ = Stress
  • F = Force applied
  • A = Area on the surface

Solved Problems

Problem 1: Find stress if a force of 40 N is acted upon an object with area 4mm2.

Solution:

Given,

  • Force (F) = 40N
  • Area (A) = 4mm2

According to the formula for stress,

σ = F / A

σ = 40N / 4mm2 

σ = 10 ×106 N/m2 

Thus the stress on the surface is 10×106 N/m2

Problem 2: Find the stress on a rubber band with an area of 0.35m2 which is pulled with a force of 500 N.

Solution:

Given,

  • Force (F) = 500N
  • Area (A) = 0.35mm2

According to the formula for stress,

σ = F / A

σ = 600N / 0.3mm2 

σ = 2000 N/m2

Thus the stress on the surface is 2000 N/m2

Problem 3: Find area if stress is 1000N/m2 and force is 500 N. 

Solution:

Given,

  • Stress (σ) = 1000N/m2
  • Force (F) = 500 N

According to the formula for stress,

σ = F / A

Rearranging the formula for stress,

A = F / σ

A = 500/1000 

A = 0.5

Thus area is 0.5 m2 

Problem 4: Find force if stress is 800N/m2 and area of 0.2m2.

Solution:

Given,

  • Stress (σ) = 800N/m2
  • Area (A) = 0.2 m2

According to the formula for stress,

σ = F / A

Rearranging the formula for stress,

F = σ×A

F = 800×0.2

F = 160 N

Thus force is 160 N.

 

Conceptual Questions

Question 1:  What is stress?

Answer:

The restoring force per unit area of the material.

Question 2: What are the units used to define stress?

Answer:

The units used are,

  • N/m2
  • Pascal

Question 3: What are types of stress?

Answer:

  • Normal Stress
  • Tangential or Shearing Stress

Last Updated : 30 Jan, 2022
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