unordered_multiset cend() function in C++ STL

The unordered_multiset::cend() is a built-in function in C++ STL which returns a constant iterator pointing to the position immediately after the last element in the container or to the position immediately after the last element in one of its bucket.

Syntax:

unordered_multiset_name.cend(n)

Parameters: The function accepts one parameter. If a parameter is passed, it returns a constant iterator pointing to the position immediately after the last element in the bucket. If no parameter is passed, then it returns a constant iterator pointing to the position immediately after the last element in the unordered_multiset container.

Return Value: It returns a constant iterator. It cannot be used to modify the content of the container.

Below programs illustrate the above function:

Program 1:

// C++ program to illustrate the
// unordered_multiset::cend() function
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;

int main()
{

    // declaration
    unordered_multiset<int> sample;

    // inserts element
    sample.insert(10);
    sample.insert(15);
    sample.insert(15);
    sample.insert(13);
    sample.insert(13);

    cout << "\nElements: ";

    // prints all element till the last
    for (auto it = sample.cbegin(); it != sample.cend(); it++)
        cout << *it << " ";
    return 0;
}

Output:

Elements: 13 13 10 15 15

Program 2:

// C++ program to illustrate the
// unordered_multiset::cend() function
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;

int main()
{

    // declaration
    unordered_multiset<char> sample;

    // inserts element
    sample.insert('a');
    sample.insert('b');
    sample.insert('b');
    sample.insert('b');
    sample.insert('z');

    cout << "\nElements: ";

    // prints all element
    for (auto it = sample.cbegin(); it != sample.cend(); it++)
        cout << *it << " ";
    return 0;
}

Output:

Elements: z a b b b

Program 3:

// C++ program to illustrate the
// unordered_multiset::cend() function
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;

int main()
{

    // declaration
    unordered_multiset<char> sample;

    // inserts element
    sample.insert('a');
    sample.insert('b');
    sample.insert('b');
    sample.insert('b');
    sample.insert('z');

    // prints all element bucket wise

    for (int i = 0; i < sample.bucket_count(); i++) {

        cout << "Bucket " << i << ": ";

        // if bucket is empty
        if (sample.bucket_size(i) == 0)
            cout << "empty";

        for (auto it = sample.cbegin(i); it != sample.cend(i); it++)
            cout << *it << " ";

        cout << endl;
    }
    return 0;
}

Output:

Bucket 0: b b b 
Bucket 1: empty
Bucket 2: empty
Bucket 3: z 
Bucket 4: empty
Bucket 5: empty
Bucket 6: a