unordered_map erase in C++ STL

erase function is used to erase elements from the unordered_map. There are three type of erase functions supported by unordered_map :

1. erasing by iterator: It takes an iterator as a parameter and erases the key and value present at that iterator.
   Syntax

   unordered_map.erase(const iterator);

2. erasing by key: It takes a key as a parameter and erases the key and value.
   Syntax

   unordered_map.erase(const key);

3. erase by range: It takes two iterators as a parameter and erases all the key and values present in between (including the starting iterator and excluding the end iterator).
   Syntax:

   unordered_map.erase(const iteratorStart, const iteratorEnd);

// CPP program to demonstrate implementation of
// erase function in unordered_map.
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;

int main()
{

    unordered_map<int, bool> um;

    // Adding some elements in the map.
    um[12] = true;
    um[4189] = false;
    um[519] = true;
    um[40] = false;
    um[4991] = true;

    cout << "Contents of the unordered_map : \n";
    for (auto p : um)
        cout << p.first << "==>" << p.second << "\n";
    cout << "\n";

    // erase by iterator
    cout << "After erasing by Iterator : \n";
    um.erase(um.begin());
    for (auto p : um)
        cout << p.first << "==>" << p.second << "\n";
    cout << "\n";

    // erase by value
    cout << "After erasing by Key : \n";
    um.erase(4189);
    for (auto p : um)
        cout << p.first << "==>" << p.second << "\n";
    cout << "\n";

    // erase by range
    cout << "After erasing by Range : \n";
    auto it = um.begin();
    it++; // Returns iterator pointing to second element
    um.erase(it, um.end());
    for (auto p : um)
        cout << p.first << "==>" << p.second << "\n";
    cout << "\n";

    return 0;
}

Output:

Contents of the unordered_map :
4991==>1
519==>1
40==>0
12==>1
4189==>0

After erasing by Iterator :
519==>1
40==>0
12==>1
4189==>0

After erasing by Key :
519==>1
40==>0
12==>1

After erasing by Range :
519==>1