Ultra wide band networking

We can clearly see from the name ultra-wideband is a radio technology used for a wide range of frequency channels and having low energy short-range. It is used for short-range wireless communication protocols like Bluetooth and Wi-Fi. It can work on a wide range of frequencies in which we can send short pulses of information at a moment. It is used to send information over a large range of bandwidth approximately 500MHz. It transmits information by generating radio energy for a span of time over a large bandwidth. Lower energy consumption allows transferring a large amount of data.

Nowadays popular companies like apple Samsung and Huawei are working on UWB chips and antennas. Apple becomes the first company to include UWB in their smartphones.   

Features of UWB:
Here are some features of UWB-

1. Devices using UWB require a high data rate.
2. Communication through UWB has secure communication.
3. Devices using UWB have robust communication and generally have large processing gain.
4. UWB requires large bandwidth of 500 MHz which make it more accurate and fast and transfer one pulse per two nanoseconds.
5. UWB devices have potentially high-density use.

How UWB Works:

1. Once two devices having UWB enabled placed near each other and start ranging. 
2. Ranging can be also be considered as calculating the time of flight between the two devices. 
3. UWB was also known as pulse radio in early times. In UWB data is transferred in the form of pulses in a wide range of spectrums which is then converted into actual data by the receiver. 
4. The rate of transmission of pulses is one pulse for every two nanoseconds. 
5. Due to this process, the accuracy of UWB is so high in real-time. 
6. UWB is of very low power but has a large bandwidth of 500MHz which is an idol for transferring data from the host to the receiver at a distance of approx 30 feet away.

Working of UWB

Transmission in UWB

Receiver in UWB

Applications Of UWB:

1. Can be used as a real-time system because it is the best suitable for the radio frequency sensitive area like hospitals.
2. The use of UWB in mobile technology has taken a lead. The demand for UWB in mobile has increased and Apple has launched iPhone 11 with UWB.
3. A great example of UWB can be digital keys like car keys or door keys, We can open a car or gate by using a key within a distance which is a great advantage.
4. Data transfer using UWB has so many advantages because the rate of transferring the data is high for short-range devices.

Advantages Of UWB:

1. Requires low power level.
2. Can pass through any substances.
3. Can transfer more data easily, or we can say resistance jamming.
   1. Have large channel capacity.
4. It can work with a low signal-to-noise ratio.

Disadvantages of UWB:

1. Cost is more in some field of area.
2. It requires large frequencies therefore the chances of interferences increases with the same frequencies standards.
3. The adoption rate of UWB is slower.
4. Signal acquisition time is long.

Future of UWB:
As UWB is a new technology and companies are working on adopting this technology some of them have started using it for example Apple has launched the iPhone 11 with UWB. But this is a great technology for the market. Samsung has created some products like the NearBy Share app which can transfer files using UWB which has enhanced the device-to-device transfer rate. NearBy Share automatically pins the device after pointing the device at the top of the list. Samsung is also creating some smart applications like Galaxy SmartTag+ which after installing can easily locate our devices which can help to find our belonging.