String in JavaScript

String is used to representing the sequence of characters. They are made up of a list of characters, which is essentially just an “array of characters”. It can hold the data and manipulate the data which can be represented in the text form. We can perform different operations on strings like checking their length, also concatenate them by using +=, +, string operators.

Creating Strings:

There are two ways to create a string in Javascript:

• Using string literal
• Using string object

Method 1: Using string literal

A string can be created just by initializing with a string literal. There are three ways to write a string literal:

• inside single quotes(‘ ‘)
• inside double quotes(” “)
• inside template literals or backticks(` `)

Example:

Javascript

let singleQuotes = 'string created with single quotes.';
let doubleQuotes = "string created with double quotes.";
let templateLiteral = `string created with template literals.`;
console.log(singleQuotes);
console.log(doubleQuotes);
console.log(templateLiteral);

Output

string created with single quotes.
string created with double quotes.
string created with template literals.

Method 2: Using string object

A string can also be created using a String object.

Example:

Javascript

// Using the String object
const str = new String("Using string object");
console.log(str);

Output

[String: 'Using string object']

Character Access:

A character can be accessed from a string in one of two ways.

• Using charAt() Method
• String as an array-like object

Method 1: Using charAt() Method

Example:

Javascript

// Accessing character at third position
let str ="Geeksforgeeks";
console.log(str.charAt(2));

Output

e

Method 2: String as an array-like object

The alternative is to think of the string as an object resembling an array, where each character is represented by an integer index:

Example:

Javascript

let str ="Geeksforgeeks"
console.log(str[1]);

Output

e

Let us go through some examples to better understand the usage of strings:

An array of Strings: To create an array of strings you can simply type:

// Creating an array of strings: string1, string2, string3
let arrString=["string1","string2","string3"];

or

// Creating an array of strings: string1, string2, string3
let arrString=new Array("string1","string2","string3");

Now let us go through some examples to understand strings better:

Example 1: In this example, we are going to concatenate two strings. To concatenate, I have simply used the + operator.

Javascript

let a = "Hello ";
let b = "World";

// Concatenating strings a and b
console.log(a + b);

Output

Hello World

Example 2: In this example, I am going to find the index of the first occurrence of b in the string. To do that, I used the indexOf() method.

Javascript

let a = "abcdefgh";

// Finding the first index of the character 'b'
console.log(a.indexOf('b'));

Output

1

Example 3: In this example, we will get the substring of the string. For that purpose, I have used the substring() method.

Javascript

let a = "abcdefgh";

// Printing the substring between the indices 2 and 7
console.log(a.substring(2, 7));

Output

cdefg

Example 4: In this example, replacing a part of the string with another string is literal, and using the replace() method to accomplish this.

Javascript

let a = "Hello World";

let arrString = ["Geeks", "for", "Geeks"]

// Replacing the word 'World' with 'Geeks'
console.log(a.replace("World", arrString[0]));

Output

Hello Geeks

You can check out more string functions in javascript here.