std::numeric_limits::max() and std::numeric_limits::min() in C++

std::numeric_limits::max():

The std::numeric_limits<T>::max() function is used to get the maximum finite value representable by the numeric type T. All arithmetic types are valid for type T.

Header File:

#include<limits>

Template:

static T max() throw();
static constexpr T max() noexcept;

Syntax:

std::numeric_limits<T>::max

Parameter: It receives any one type of data type i.e., T.

Return Type: It returns predefined macros, true or default T() depending on type T. Some standard return values are:

Type T	std::numeric_limits<T>::max()
/* non-specialized */	T()
bool	TRUE
char	CHAR_MAX
signed char	SCHAR_MAX
unsigned char	UCHAR_MAX
wchar_t	WCHAR_MAX
short	SHRT_MAX
unsigned short	USHRT_MAX
int	INT_MAX
unsigned int	UINT_MAX
long	LONG_MAX
unsigned long	ULONG_MAX
long long	LLONG_MAX
unsigned long long	ULLONG_MAX
float	FLT_MAX
double	DBL_MAX
long double	LDBL_MAX

Program 1:

Below is the program to illustrate the function std::numeric_limits<T>::max(). The output of the program is system-specific.

C++

// C++ program to illustrate the
// function numeric_limits<T>::max
#include <iostream>
#include <limits>
using namespace std;

// Driver Code
int main()
{
    cout << "bool: "
         << numeric_limits<bool>::max()
         << '\n';

    // It returns 127 in ASCII value
    // to print in integer that can
    // be typecast it to int()
    cout << "char: "
         << int(numeric_limits<char>::max())
         << '\n';

    cout << "unsigned char: "
         << int(numeric_limits<unsigned char>::max())
         << '\n';

    cout << "short: "
         << numeric_limits<short>::max()
         << '\n';

    cout << "int: " << numeric_limits<int>::max()
         << '\n';

    cout << "unsigned int: "
         << numeric_limits<unsigned int>::max()
         << '\n';

    cout << "long long: "
         << numeric_limits<long long>::max()
         << '\n';

    cout << "float: "
         << numeric_limits<float>::max()
         << '\n';

    cout << "double: "
         << numeric_limits<double>::max()
         << '\n';

    cout << "size_t: "
         << numeric_limits<size_t>::max()
         << '\n';
}

Output:

bool: 1
char: 127
unsigned char: 255
short: 32767
int: 2147483647
unsigned int: 4294967295
long long: 9223372036854775807
float: 3.40282e+38
double: 1.79769e+308
size_t: 18446744073709551615

std::numeric_limits::min():

The std::numeric_limits<T>::min() function is used to get the minimum finite value representable by the numeric type T. All bounded arithmetic types are valid for type T.

Header File:

#include<limits>

Template:

static T min() throw();
static constexpr T min() noexcept;

Syntax:

std::numeric_limits<T>::min

Parameter: It receives any one type of data type i.e., T.

Return Type: It returns predefined macros, true or default T() depending on type T. For floating-point types with denormalization, min returns the minimum positive normalized value. To find the value that has no values less than it for floating data type, use numeric_limits::lowest().  Some standard return values are:

Type T	std::numeric_limits::min()
/* non-specialized */	T()
bool	FALSE
char	CHAR_MIN
signed char	SCHAR_MIN
unsigned char	​0​
wchar_t	WCHAR_MIN
short	SHRT_MIN
unsigned short	0
int	INT_MIN
unsigned int	0
long	LONG_MIN
unsigned long	0
long long	LLONG_MIN
unsigned long long	​0​
float	FLT_MIN
double	DBL_MIN
long double	LDBL_MIN

Program 2:

Below is the program to illustrate the function std::numeric_limits<T>::min(). The output of the program is system-specific.

C++

// C++ program to illustrate the
// function numeric_limits<T>::min
#include <iostream>
#include <limits>
using namespace std;

// Driver Code
int main()
{
    cout << "bool: "
         << numeric_limits<bool>::min()
         << '\n';

    // numeric_limits<char>:: min()
    // returns 127 in ASCII value in
    // integer that can be typecast
    // to int()
    cout << "char: "
         << int(numeric_limits<char>::min())
         << '\n';

    cout << "unsigned char: "
         << int(numeric_limits<unsigned char>::min())
         << '\n';

    cout << "short: "
         << numeric_limits<short>::min() << '\n';

    cout << "int: " << std::numeric_limits<int>::min()
         << '\n';
    cout << "unsigned int: "
         << numeric_limits<unsigned int>::min()
         << '\n';

    cout << "long long: "
         << numeric_limits<long long>::min()
         << '\n';
    cout << "float: "
         << numeric_limits<float>::min()
         << '\n';

    cout << "double: "
         << numeric_limits<double>::min()
         << '\n';

    cout << "size_t: "
         << numeric_limits<size_t>::min()
         << '\n';
}

Output:

bool: 0
char: -128
unsigned char: 0
short: -32768
int: -2147483648
unsigned int: 0
long long: -9223372036854775808
float: 1.17549e-38
double: 2.22507e-308
size_t: 0