Static Fragment in Android

Static Fragment is a type of fragment that is defined in an XML layout file only. It is a part of the Activity and its lifecycle depends on the lifecycle of its container activity.

Properties of Static Fragment:

• Defined using <fragment> tag in XML layout file.
• Having a fixed position in the Activity’s layout.
• Cannot be removed or replaced at runtime.
• Created when the Activity is created and destroyed when the activity is destroyed.

Step by Step Implementation

Step 1: Create a New Project in Android Studio

To create a new project in Android Studio please refer to How to Create/Start a New Project in Android Studio. Note that select Java as the programming language.

Step 2: Working with the activity_main.xml file

Navigate to the app > res > layout > activity_main.xml and add the below code to that file. Below is the code for the activity_main.xml file. Comments are added inside the code to understand the code in more detail.

XML

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:weightSum="2"
    android:padding="15dp"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <fragment
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:id="@+id/fragUpper"
        android:name="com.anas.staticfragment.UpperFragment"
        android:layout_weight="1"/>

    <fragment
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:id="@+id/fragLower"
        android:name="com.anas.staticfragment.LowerFragment"
        android:layout_weight="1"/>

</LinearLayout>

Step 3: Working with Fragment layout (e.g. fragment_upper.xml)

XML

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:background="#f8bbd0"
    android:gravity="center"
    tools:context=".UpperFragment">

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/txtUpperFrag"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="Upper Fragment"
        android:textSize="22sp"
        android:textColor="#e91e63"
        android:textStyle="italic|bold"/>

</LinearLayout>

Step 4: Working with Fragment layout (e.g. fragment_lower.xml)

XML

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:background="#b2ebf2"
    android:gravity="center"
    tools:context=".LowerFragment">

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/txtLowerFrag"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="Lower Fragment"
        android:textSize="22sp"
        android:textColor="#00bcd4"
        android:textStyle="italic|bold"/>

</LinearLayout>

Step 5: Working with Fragment (e.g. UpperFragment.java)

Java

package com.anas.staticfragment;

import android.os.Bundle;
import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class UpperFragment extends Fragment {

    public UpperFragment()
    {
        // Required empty public constructor
    }

    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
                             Bundle savedInstanceState)
    {
        // Inflate the layout for this fragment
        View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_upper, container, false);
        TextView txtUpperFrag = view.findViewById(R.id.txtUpperFrag);
        return view;
    }
}

Step 6: Working with Fragment (e.g. LowerFragment.java)

Java

package com.anas.staticfragment;

import android.os.Bundle;
import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class LowerFragment extends Fragment {

    public LowerFragment()
    {
        // Required empty public constructor
    }

    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
                             Bundle savedInstanceState)
    {
        // Inflate the layout for this fragment
        View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_lower, container, false);
        TextView txtLowerFrag = view.findViewById(R.id.txtLowerFrag);
        return view;
    }
}

Output:

Static Fragment