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Reverse an Array in groups of given size

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Given an array arr[] and an integer K, the task is to reverse every subarray formed by consecutive K elements.

Examples: 

Input: arr[] = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9], K = 3 
Output: 3, 2, 1, 6, 5, 4, 9, 8, 7

Input: arr[] = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8], K = 5 
Output: 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 8, 7, 6

Input: arr[] = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6], K = 1 
Output: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6

Input: arr[] = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8], K = 10 
Output: 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1

Recommended Practice

Naive Approach: The problem can be solved based on the following idea:

Consider every sub-array of size k starting from the beginning of the array and reverse it. We need to handle some special cases. 

  • If k is not a multiple of n where n is the size of the array, for the last group we will have less than k elements left, we need to reverse all remaining elements. 
  • If k = 1, the array should remain unchanged. If k >= n, we reverse all elements present in the array.

Follow the below illustration for a better understanding.

Illustration:

Given array arr[] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8} and k = 3

1st iteration: 

  • The selected group is {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8}
  • After swapping the elements we have {3, 2, 1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8}

2nd iteration: 

  • The selected group is {3, 2, 1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8}
  • After swapping the elements {3, 2, 1, 6, 5, 4, 7, 8}

3rd iteration: 

  • As k is less than the count of remaining elements
  • We will reverse the entire remaining subarray {3, 2, 1, 6, 5, 4, 8, 7}

Follow the steps mentioned below to implement the idea:

  • Iterate over the array, and on each iteration:
    • We will set the left pointer as the current index and the right pointer at a distance of group size(K) 
    • We will swap elements in the left and right indices, and increase left by one and decrease right by one
    • Do the above step until left < right
    • After the swap operation is done we will increment the value of the iterator by k ( group size )

Below is the implementation of the above approach:

C++




// C++ program to reverse every sub-array formed by
// consecutive k elements
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
 
// Function to reverse every sub-array formed by
// consecutive k elements
void reverse(int arr[], int n, int k)
{
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i += k)
    {
        int left = i;
 
        // to handle case when k is not multiple of n
        int right = min(i + k - 1, n - 1);
 
        // reverse the sub-array [left, right]
        while (left < right)
            swap(arr[left++], arr[right--]);
 
    }
}
 
// Driver code
int main()
{
    int arr[] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8};
    int k = 3;
 
    int n = sizeof(arr) / sizeof(arr[0]);
 
    reverse(arr, n, k);
 
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
        cout << arr[i] << " ";
 
    return 0;
}


C




// C program to reverse every sub-array formed by
// consecutive k elements
#include <stdio.h>
// Function to reverse every sub-array formed by
// consecutive k elements
void reverse(int arr[], int n, int k)
{
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i += k)
    {
        int left = i;
        int right;
        // to handle case when k is not multiple of n
        if(i+k-1<n-1)
        right = i+k-1;
        else
        right = n-1;
 
        // reverse the sub-array [left, right]
        while (left < right)
            {
                // swap
                int temp = arr[left];
                arr[left] = arr[right];
                arr[right] = temp;
                left++;
                right--;
            }
 
    }
}
 
// Driver code
int main()
{
    int arr[] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8};
    int k = 3;
 
    int n = sizeof(arr) / sizeof(arr[0]);
 
    reverse(arr, n, k);
 
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
        printf("%d ",arr[i]);
 
    return 0;
}
//  This code is contributed by Arpit Jain


Java




// Java program to reverse every sub-array formed by
// consecutive k elements
class GFG {
     
    // Function to reverse every sub-array formed by
    // consecutive k elements
    static void reverse(int arr[], int n, int k)
    {
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i += k)
        {
            int left = i;
     
            // to handle case when k is not multiple
            // of n
            int right = Math.min(i + k - 1, n - 1);
            int temp;
             
            // reverse the sub-array [left, right]
            while (left < right)
            {
                temp=arr[left];
                arr[left]=arr[right];
                arr[right]=temp;
                left+=1;
                right-=1;
            }
        }
    }
     
    // Driver method
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
         
        int arr[] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8};
        int k = 3;
     
        int n = arr.length;
     
        reverse(arr, n, k);
     
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
            System.out.print(arr[i] + " ");
    }
}
 
// This code is contributed by Anant Agarwal.


Python3




# Python 3 program to reverse every
# sub-array formed by consecutive k
# elements
 
# Function to reverse every sub-array
# formed by consecutive k elements
def reverse(arr, n, k):
    i = 0
     
    while(i<n):
     
        left = i
 
        # To handle case when k is not
        # multiple of n
        right = min(i + k - 1, n - 1)
 
        # Reverse the sub-array [left, right]
        while (left < right):
             
            arr[left], arr[right] = arr[right], arr[left]
            left+= 1;
            right-=1
        i+= k
     
# Driver code
arr = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6,
                   7, 8]
 
k = 3
n = len(arr)
reverse(arr, n, k)
 
for i in range(0, n):
        print(arr[i], end =" ")
         
# This code is contributed by Smitha Dinesh Semwal


C#




// C# program to reverse every sub-array
// formed by consecutive k elements
using System;
 
class GFG
{
 
// Function to reverse every sub-array
// formed by consecutive k elements
public static void reverse(int[] arr,
                           int n, int k)
{
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i += k)
    {
        int left = i;
 
        // to handle case when k is
        // not multiple of n
        int right = Math.Min(i + k - 1, n - 1);
        int temp;
 
        // reverse the sub-array [left, right]
        while (left < right)
        {
            temp = arr[left];
            arr[left] = arr[right];
            arr[right] = temp;
            left += 1;
            right -= 1;
        }
    }
}
 
// Driver Code
public static void Main(string[] args)
{
    int[] arr = new int[] {1, 2, 3, 4,
                           5, 6, 7, 8};
    int k = 3;
 
    int n = arr.Length;
 
    reverse(arr, n, k);
 
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
    {
        Console.Write(arr[i] + " ");
    }
}
}
 
// This code is contributed
// by Shrikant13


Javascript




<script>
 
// Javascript program to reverse every sub-array
// formed by consecutive k elements
     
// Function to reverse every sub-array
// formed by consecutive k elements
function reverse(arr, n, k)
{
    for(let i = 0; i < n; i += k)
    {
        let left = i;
 
        // To handle case when k is not
        // multiple of n
        let right = Math.min(i + k - 1, n - 1);
        let temp;
         
        // Reverse the sub-array [left, right]
        while (left < right)
        {
            temp = arr[left];
            arr[left] = arr[right];
            arr[right] = temp;
            left += 1;
            right -= 1;
        }
    }
    return arr;
}
 
// Driver Code
let arr = new Array(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8);
let k = 3;
let n = arr.length;
let arr1 = reverse(arr, n, k);
 
for(let i = 0; i < n; i++)
    document.write(arr1[i] + " ");
 
// This code is contributed by saurabh jaiswal
 
</script>


PHP




<?php
// PHP program to reverse every sub-array
// formed by consecutive k elements
     
// Function to reverse every sub-array
// formed by consecutive k elements
function reverse($arr, $n, $k)
{
    for ($i = 0; $i < $n; $i += $k)
    {
        $left = $i;
 
        // to handle case when k is not
        // multiple of n
        $right = min($i + $k - 1, $n - 1);
        $temp;
         
        // reverse the sub-array [left, right]
        while ($left < $right)
        {
            $temp = $arr[$left];
            $arr[$left] = $arr[$right];
            $arr[$right] = $temp;
            $left += 1;
            $right -= 1;
        }
    }
    return $arr;
}
 
// Driver Code
$arr = array(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8);
$k = 3;
 
$n = sizeof($arr);
 
$arr1 = reverse($arr, $n, $k);
 
for ($i = 0; $i < $n; $i++)
    echo $arr1[$i] . " ";
 
// This code is contributed
// by Akanksha Rai
?>


Output

3 2 1 6 5 4 8 7 

Time complexity: O(N)
Auxiliary space: O(1)

Using STL:

C++




#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
 
// Function to reverse subarrays of size k in an array
// Nikunj Sonigara
void reverse(int arr[], int n, int k)
{
    int j = 0, i = k;
 
    // Reverse subarrays of size k until the end of the array is reached
    while (i < n) {
        // Reverse the subarray from arr[j] to arr[i-1]
        reverse(arr + j, arr + i);
 
        // Move to the next subarray of size k
        i += k;
        j += k;
    }
 
    // Reverse the remaining subarray of size less than k
    reverse(arr + j, arr + n);
}
 
// Driver code
int main()
{
    int arr[] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8};
    int k = 3;
 
    int n = sizeof(arr) / sizeof(arr[0]);
 
    // Reverse subarrays of size k in the array
    reverse(arr, n, k);
 
    // Print the reversed array
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
        cout << arr[i] << " ";
 
    return 0;
}


Java




import java.util.Arrays;
 
public class ArrayReverse {
    // Function to reverse subarrays of size k in an array
    // Nikunj Sonigara
    public static void reverse(int[] arr, int n, int k) {
        int j = 0, i = k;
 
        // Reverse subarrays of size k until the end of the array is reached
        while (i < n) {
            // Reverse the subarray from arr[j] to arr[i-1]
            reverseArray(arr, j, i - 1);
 
            // Move to the next subarray of size k
            i += k;
            j += k;
        }
 
        // Reverse the remaining subarray of size less than k
        reverseArray(arr, j, n - 1);
    }
 
    // Function to reverse an array from index start to end
    private static void reverseArray(int[] arr, int start, int end) {
        while (start < end) {
            int temp = arr[start];
            arr[start] = arr[end];
            arr[end] = temp;
            start++;
            end--;
        }
    }
 
    // Driver code
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int[] arr = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 };
        int k = 3;
        int n = arr.length;
 
        // Reverse subarrays of size k in the array
        reverse(arr, n, k);
 
        // Print the reversed array
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
            System.out.print(arr[i] + " ");
    }
}


Python3




# Function to reverse subarrays of size k in an array
# Nikunj Sonigara
def reverse(arr, n, k):
    j = 0
    i = k
 
    # Reverse subarrays of size k until the end of the array is reached
    while i < n:
        # Reverse the subarray from arr[j] to arr[i-1]
        reverse_array(arr, j, i - 1)
 
        # Move to the next subarray of size k
        i += k
        j += k
 
    # Reverse the remaining subarray of size less than k
    reverse_array(arr, j, n - 1)
 
 
# Function to reverse an array from index start to end
def reverse_array(arr, start, end):
    while start < end:
        arr[start], arr[end] = arr[end], arr[start]
        start += 1
        end -= 1
 
 
# Driver code
if __name__ == "__main__":
    arr = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]
    k = 3
    n = len(arr)
 
    # Reverse subarrays of size k in the array
    reverse(arr, n, k)
 
    # Print the reversed array
    print(*arr)


C#




using System;
 
public class ArrayReverse
{
    // Function to reverse subarrays of size k in an array
    // Nikunj Sonigara
    public static void Reverse(int[] arr, int n, int k)
    {
        int j = 0, i = k;
 
        // Reverse subarrays of size k until the end of the array is reached
        while (i < n)
        {
            // Reverse the subarray from arr[j] to arr[i-1]
            ReverseArray(arr, j, i - 1);
 
            // Move to the next subarray of size k
            i += k;
            j += k;
        }
 
        // Reverse the remaining subarray of size less than k
        ReverseArray(arr, j, n - 1);
    }
 
    // Function to reverse an array from index start to end
    private static void ReverseArray(int[] arr, int start, int end)
    {
        while (start < end)
        {
            int temp = arr[start];
            arr[start] = arr[end];
            arr[end] = temp;
            start++;
            end--;
        }
    }
 
    // Driver code
    public static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        int[] arr = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 };
        int k = 3;
        int n = arr.Length;
 
        // Reverse subarrays of size k in the array
        Reverse(arr, n, k);
 
        // Print the reversed array
        foreach (int num in arr)
            Console.Write(num + " ");
    }
}


Javascript




// Function to reverse subarrays of size k in an array
// Nikunj Sonigara
function reverse(arr, n, k) {
    let j = 0;
    let i = k;
 
    // Reverse subarrays of size k until the end of the array is reached
    while (i < n) {
        // Reverse the subarray from arr[j] to arr[i-1]
        reverseArray(arr, j, i - 1);
 
        // Move to the next subarray of size k
        i += k;
        j += k;
    }
 
    // Reverse the remaining subarray of size less than k
    reverseArray(arr, j, n - 1);
}
 
// Function to reverse an array from index start to end
function reverseArray(arr, start, end) {
    while (start < end) {
        [arr[start], arr[end]] = [arr[end], arr[start]];
        start++;
        end--;
    }
}
 
// Driver code
const arr = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8];
const k = 3;
const n = arr.length;
 
// Reverse subarrays of size k in the array
reverse(arr, n, k);
 
// Print the reversed array
console.log(arr.join(' '));


Output

3 2 1 6 5 4 8 7 

Time complexity: O(N)
Auxiliary space: O(1)




Last Updated : 31 Aug, 2023
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