Remove all multiples of K from Binary Tree

Given a binary tree and an integer K, the task is to remove all the nodes which are multiples of K from the given binary tree.

Examples:

Input:
           1
         /    \
        2      3
       / \    /
      4   5  8
     / \    /
    6   7  9
Output:
Level Order Traversal of Given Binary Tree:
1 
2 3 
4 5 8 
6 7 9 

Level Order Traversal of Updated Binary Tree:
1 
5 3 
7 9

Recommended: Please try your approach on {IDE} first, before moving on to the solution.

Approach:

Convert the given Binary Tree to Doubly Linked List.
Remove all nodes which are multiples of K from the created doubly linked list.
Convert the updated doubly linked list back to a binary tree.

Below is the implementation of the above approach:

// C++ implementation of the approach 
#include <bits/stdc++.h> 
using namespace std; 
  
struct node { 
    int data; 
    node *left, *right; 
}; 
  
node* newnode(int data) 
{ 
    node* temp = new node; 
    temp->data = data; 
    temp->left = temp->right = NULL; 
  
    return temp; 
} 
  
// Level order traversal of the tree 
void printTree(node* root) 
{ 
  
    if (!root) 
        return; 
  
    queue<node*> q; 
    q.push(root); 
  
    while (!q.empty()) { 
  
        int n = q.size(); 
        while (n--) { 
            node* temp = q.front(); 
            q.pop(); 
  
            cout << temp->data << " "; 
  
            if (temp->left) 
                q.push(temp->left); 
  
            if (temp->right) 
                q.push(temp->right); 
        } 
        cout << endl; 
    } 
} 
  
// Function to convert binary tree 
// to doubly linked list 
void BT2DLL(node* root, node*& head) 
{ 
    // Base Case 
    if (root == NULL) 
        return; 
  
    static node* left = NULL; 
  
    // Traverse the left subtree 
    BT2DLL(root->left, head); 
  
    // Assign head to leftmost node 
    if (left == NULL) 
        head = root; 
  
    else { 
        root->left = left; 
        left->right = root; 
    } 
  
    left = root; 
  
    // Traverse the right subtree 
    BT2DLL(root->right, head); 
} 
  
// Function to delete the current node 
// from the doubly linked list 
void deletenode(node*& head, node* del) 
{ 
    // Base case 
    if (head == NULL || del == NULL) 
        return; 
  
    // If node to be deleted is head node 
    if (head == del) 
        head = del->right; 
  
    // Change right only if node to be deleted 
    // is NOT the last node 
    if (del->right != NULL) 
        del->right->left = del->left; 
  
    // Change left only if node to be deleted 
    // is NOT the first node 
    if (del->left != NULL) 
        del->left->right = del->right; 
  
    // Finally, free the memory occupied by del 
    free(del); 
} 
  
// Function to remove the multiples of k 
// from doubly linked list 
void removeKeys(node*& head, int k) 
{ 
  
    if (head == NULL) 
        return; 
  
    node* current = head; 
    node* right; 
  
    while (current != NULL) { 
  
        // If multiple of k then remove this node 
        if (current->data % k == 0) { 
  
            // Save current's right node in the 
            // pointer 'right' 
            right = current->right; 
  
            // Delete the node pointed to by 
            // 'current' 
            deletenode(head, current); 
  
            // Update current 
            current = right; 
        } 
  
        // Else simply move to the right node 
        else
            current = current->right; 
    } 
} 
  
// Function to convert doubly linked list 
// to binary tree 
node* DLLtoBT(node*& head, int n) 
{ 
  
    if (n <= 0) 
        return NULL; 
  
    node* left = DLLtoBT(head, n / 2); 
    node* root = head; 
    root->left = left; 
    head = head->right; 
    root->right = DLLtoBT(head, n - n / 2 - 1); 
  
    return root; 
} 
  
// Function that removes the multiples 
// of k from the given binary tree 
node* removeMultiplesUtil(node* root, int k) 
{ 
  
    node* head = NULL; 
  
    // Convert Binary Tree to DLL 
    BT2DLL(root, head); 
  
    // Remove multiples of k from DLL 
    removeKeys(head, k); 
  
    node* temp = head; 
    int n = 0; 
  
    // Get Size of the updated list 
    while (temp) { 
        ++n; 
        temp = temp->right; 
    } 
  
    // Convert DLL to Binary Tree 
    return DLLtoBT(head, n); 
} 
  
// Function to call the utility function 
// that removes the multiples of k 
// from the given binary tree 
void removeMultiples(node*& root, int k) 
{ 
  
    if (!root) 
        return; 
  
    root = removeMultiplesUtil(root, k); 
} 
  
// Driver code 
int main() 
{ 
  
    int k = 2; 
    node* root = newnode(1); 
    root->left = newnode(2); 
    root->right = newnode(3); 
    root->left->left = newnode(4); 
    root->left->right = newnode(5); 
    root->left->left->left = newnode(6); 
    root->left->left->right = newnode(7); 
    root->right->left = newnode(8); 
    root->right->left->left = newnode(9); 
  
    cout << "Level Order Traversal of Given Binary Tree:\n"; 
    printTree(root); 
  
    removeMultiples(root, k); 
  
    cout << "\nLevel Order Traversal of Updated Binary Tree:\n"; 
    printTree(root); 
  
    return 0; 
} 

Output:

Level Order Traversal of Given Binary Tree:
1 
2 3 
4 5 8 
6 7 9 

Level Order Traversal of Updated Binary Tree:
1 
5 3 
7 9

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Recommended: Please try your approach on {IDE} first, before moving on to the solution.

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