Red Black Tree vs AVL Tree
In this post, we will compare Red-Black Tree and AVL Tree.
Red Black Tree:
Properties:
- Self-Balancing is provided by painting each node with two colors(Red or Black).
- When the Tree is modified, a new tree is subsequently rearranged and repainted.
- It requires 1 bit of color information for each node in the tree.
- Time complexity: O(logn).
Constraints maintained by Red Black Tree:
- Root is always black.
- All NULL leaves are black, and both children of a red node are black.
- Every simple path from a given node to any of its descendant leaves contains the same number of black
nodes.
- Path from root to farthest leaf is no more than twice as long as the path from the root to nearest leaf.
- Time complexity: O(logn).
AVL(Adelson-Velskii and Landis) Tree
Properties:
- Height difference of the left and right subtree of the node should be less than 2.
- Re-balancing is done when the heights of two child subtrees of a node differ by more than one.
- Faster retrievals as strictly balanced.
Difference:
Basis of comparison |
Red Black Trees |
AVL Trees |
Lookups |
Red Black Trees has fewer lookups because they are not strictly balanced. |
AVL trees provide faster lookups than Red-Black Trees because they are more strictly balanced. |
Colour |
In this, the color of the node is either Red or Black. |
In this, there is no color of the node. |
Insertion and removal |
Red Black Trees provide faster insertion and removal operations than AVL trees as fewer rotations are done due to relatively relaxed balancing. |
AVL trees provide complex insertion and removal operations as more rotations are done due to relatively strict balancing. |
Storage |
Red Black Tree requires only 1 bit of information per node. |
AVL trees store balance factors or heights with each node thus requiring storage for an integer per node. |
Searching |
It does not provide efficient searching. |
It provides efficient searching. |
Uses |
Red-Black Trees are used in most of the language libraries like map, multimap, multiset in C++, etc. |
AVL trees are used in databases where faster retrievals are required. |
Balance Factor |
It does not gave balance factor |
Each node has a balance factor whose value will be 1,0,-1 |
Balancing |
Take less processing for balancing i.e.; maximum two rotation required |
Take more processing for balancing |
Last Updated :
10 Nov, 2022
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