Rearrange given Array by replacing every element with the element located at mean of adjacent elements
Last Updated :
06 Jun, 2022
Given an array arr[]. The array contains numbers from 0 to N-1 only, where N is the size of arr[]. The task is to modify the array in such that for each i from 0≤i<N, arr[i] = arr[ (arr[i-1] + arr[i+1]) / 2 ]
There are a few exceptions:
- For first element of the array, arr[i-1] = 0; because previous index does not exist.
- For the last element of the array, arr[i+1] = 0; because next index does not exist.
Examples:
Input: arr[]= {3, 2, 1, 4, 1, 8, 6, 8, 7}
Output: [2, 1, 4, 2, 6, 4, 7, 6, 1]
Explanation: Following are the operations performed to reach the desired output.
For index 0, arr[i-1]=0 and arr[i+1]=2, arr[0]= arr[(0+2)/2] = arr[1] = 2
For index 3, arr[i-1]=1 and arr[i+1]=1, arr[3]= arr[(1+1)/2] = arr[1] = 2
Input: arr[]= {2, 5, 3, 4, 0, 1}
Output: [3, 3, 0, 5, 3, 2]
Explanation: Following are the operations performed to reach the desired output.
For index 1, arr[i-1]=2 and arr[i+1]=3, arr[1]= arr[(2+3)/2] = arr[2] = 3
For index 4, arr[i-1]=4 and arr[i+1]=1, arr[4]= arr[(4+1)/2] = arr[2] = 3
Naive Approach: The simplest way is to create a new array and compute the values for each index using the given array, but this will take extra space. For every index, get the values of previous and next indexes and compute their average. This average will be the index whose value has to be copied at the chosen index in the new array. Thus, arr[i] = arr[ (arr[i-1] + arr[i+1]) / 2 ] will be achieved.
Time complexity: O(N), N is the size of arr[].
Auxiliary Space: O(N)
Efficient approach: This approach traverses the same array once and at the end desired array will be found. Keep track of the previous index element, so that even if its value is modified, the old value is possible to calculate. Only O(1) space is used in this case, that for the temporary variable to store the value of the previous element.
How to achieve this?
Consider two numbers x and y, both are less than N. The aim is to update the value of x (x = y) such that the old value (x=x) is not lost. Basically, just hold two values of x in the same variable. For that purpose First, increment the value x by the factor y*N. Updated x becomes x+y*N. The old value of x can be obtained by taking mod of Updated value; (x+y*N % N). The new value of x can be obtained by taking the quotient by dividing by N, (x+y*N/N). Follow the steps below to solve the given problem.
- Iterate the array arr[] from left to right.
- For every index increment the element by arr[(arr[i-1]+arr[i+1])/2] * N.
- To get the previous of ith element find the modulo with N, i.e arr[i-1]%N.
- To get the next of ith element find the quotient with N, i.e. arr[i+1]/N.
- Again Traverse the array from start to end.
- Print the ith element after dividing the ith element by N, i.e. array[i]/N.
Below is the implementation of the above approach.
C++
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int FindPrev( int i, int a, int n)
{
if (i == 0)
return 0;
else
return a % n;
}
int FindNext( int i, int a, int n)
{
if (i == n - 1)
return 0;
else
return a;
}
void ModifyTheArray( int arr[], int n)
{
int new_ind, new_ind_val, next, prev;
for ( int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
prev = FindPrev(i, arr[i - 1], n);
next = FindNext(i, arr[i + 1], n);
new_ind = (prev + next) / 2;
new_ind_val = arr[new_ind] % n;
arr[i] = arr[i] + n * new_ind_val;
}
for ( int i = 0; i < n; i++)
arr[i] /= n;
}
void DisplayArray( int arr[], int n)
{
for ( int i = 0; i < n; i++)
cout << arr[i] << " " ;
cout << endl;
}
int main()
{
int arr[] = { 3, 2, 1, 4, 1, 8, 6, 8, 7 };
int N = sizeof (arr) / sizeof (arr[0]);
cout << "Given array is=> \n" ;
DisplayArray(arr, N);
ModifyTheArray(arr, N);
cout << "Modified array is=> \n" ;
DisplayArray(arr, N);
return 0;
}
|
Java
import java.util.*;
public class GFG
{
static int FindPrev( int i, int a, int n)
{
if (i == 0 )
return 0 ;
else
return a % n;
}
static int FindNext( int i, int a, int n)
{
if (i == n - 1 )
return 0 ;
else
return a;
}
static void ModifyTheArray( int arr[], int n)
{
int new_ind, new_ind_val, next, prev;
for ( int i = 0 ; i < n; i++) {
if (i - 1 >= 0 ){
prev = FindPrev(i, arr[i - 1 ], n);
}
else {
prev = 0 ;
}
if (i + 1 < n){
next = FindNext(i, arr[i + 1 ], n);
}
else {
next = 0 ;
}
new_ind = (prev + next) / 2 ;
new_ind_val = arr[new_ind] % n;
arr[i] = arr[i] + n * new_ind_val;
}
for ( int i = 0 ; i < n; i++)
arr[i] /= n;
}
static void DisplayArray( int arr[], int n)
{
for ( int i = 0 ; i < n; i++)
System.out.print(arr[i] + " " );
System.out.println();
}
public static void main(String args[])
{
int arr[] = { 3 , 2 , 1 , 4 , 1 , 8 , 6 , 8 , 7 };
int N = arr.length;
System.out.println( "Given array is=>" );
DisplayArray(arr, N);
ModifyTheArray(arr, N);
System.out.println( "Modified array is=>" );
DisplayArray(arr, N);
}
}
|
Python3
def FindPrev(i, a, n):
if (i = = 0 ):
return 0
else :
return a % n
def FindNext(i, a, n):
if (i = = n - 1 ):
return 0
else :
return a
def ModifyTheArray(arr, n):
for i in range ( 0 , n):
prev = FindPrev(i, arr[i - 1 ], n)
next = FindNext(i, arr[i + 1 ], n) if i + 1 < n else 0
new_ind = (prev + next ) / / 2
new_ind_val = arr[new_ind] % n
arr[i] = arr[i] + n * new_ind_val
for i in range ( 0 , n):
arr[i] / / = n
def DisplayArray(arr, n):
for i in range ( 0 , n):
print (arr[i], end = " " )
print ()
if __name__ = = "__main__" :
arr = [ 3 , 2 , 1 , 4 , 1 , 8 , 6 , 8 , 7 ]
N = len (arr)
print ( "Given array is=> " )
DisplayArray(arr, N)
ModifyTheArray(arr, N)
print ( "Modified array is=> " )
DisplayArray(arr, N)
|
C#
using System;
using System.Collections;
class GFG
{
static int FindPrev( int i, int a, int n)
{
if (i == 0)
return 0;
else
return a % n;
}
static int FindNext( int i, int a, int n)
{
if (i == n - 1)
return 0;
else
return a;
}
static void ModifyTheArray( int []arr, int n)
{
int new_ind, new_ind_val, next, prev;
for ( int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
if (i - 1 >= 0 ){
prev = FindPrev(i, arr[i - 1], n);
}
else {
prev = 0;
}
if (i + 1 < n){
next = FindNext(i, arr[i + 1], n);
}
else {
next = 0;
}
new_ind = (prev + next) / 2;
new_ind_val = arr[new_ind] % n;
arr[i] = arr[i] + n * new_ind_val;
}
for ( int i = 0; i < n; i++)
arr[i] /= n;
}
static void DisplayArray( int []arr, int n)
{
for ( int i = 0; i < n; i++)
Console.Write(arr[i] + " " );
Console.WriteLine();
}
public static void Main()
{
int []arr = { 3, 2, 1, 4, 1, 8, 6, 8, 7 };
int N = arr.Length;
Console.WriteLine( "Given array is=>" );
DisplayArray(arr, N);
ModifyTheArray(arr, N);
Console.WriteLine( "Modified array is=>" );
DisplayArray(arr, N);
}
}
|
Javascript
<script>
function FindPrev(i, a, n)
{
if (i == 0)
return 0;
else
return a % n;
}
function FindNext(i, a, n)
{
if (i == n - 1)
return 0;
else
return a;
}
function ModifyTheArray(arr, n)
{
let new_ind, new_ind_val, next, prev;
for (let i = 0; i < n; i++)
{
prev = FindPrev(i, arr[i - 1], n);
next = FindNext(i, arr[i + 1], n);
new_ind = Math.floor((prev + next) / 2);
new_ind_val = arr[new_ind] % n;
arr[i] = arr[i] + n * new_ind_val;
}
for (let i = 0; i < n; i++)
arr[i] = Math.floor(arr[i] / n);
}
function DisplayArray(arr, n)
{
for (let i = 0; i < n; i++)
document.write(arr[i] + " " )
document.write( '<br' )
}
let arr = [ 3, 2, 1, 4, 1, 8, 6, 8, 7 ];
let N = arr.length;
document.write( "Given array is=> " + "<br>" );
DisplayArray(arr, N);
ModifyTheArray(arr, N);
document.write( "Modified array is=> " + "<br>" );
DisplayArray(arr, N);
</script>
|
Output
Given array is=>
3 2 1 4 1 8 6 8 7
Modified array is=>
2 1 4 2 6 4 7 6 1
Time Complexity: O(N), where N is the size of arr[] as we are using a loop to traverse N times.
Auxiliary Space: O(1), as we are not using any extra space.
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