Python program to Flatten Nested List to Tuple List

Given a list of tuples with each tuple wrapped around multiple lists, our task is to write a Python program to flatten the container to a list of tuples.

Input : test_list = [[[(4, 6)]], [[[(7, 4)]]], [[[[(10, 3)]]]]]
Output : [(4, 6), (7, 4), (10, 3)]
Explanation : The surrounded lists are omitted around each tuple.

Input : test_list = [[[(4, 6)]], [[[(7, 4)]]]]
Output : [(4, 6), (7, 4)]
Explanation : The surrounded lists are omitted around each tuple.

Method #1 : Using recursion + isinstance()

In this, the container wrapping is tested to be list using isinstance(). The recursion strategy is used to check for repeated flattening of the list till tuple. 

step-by-step approach of the given program:

1. Define an empty list res outside the function remove_lists(). This list will be used to store the flattened elements of the input list.
2. Define the function remove_lists(test_list) that takes a list as input. This function will recursively flatten the list.
3. Iterate over the elements of test_list using a for loop.
4. Check if the current element is a list or not using the isinstance() function. If it is a list, call the remove_lists() function recursively with the current element as input. This will flatten the nested list.
5. If the current element is not a list, append it to the res list.
6. Return the res list.
7. Initialize the input list test_list with some nested tuples.
8. Print the original list test_list.
9. Call the function remove_lists() with test_list as input. This will flatten the nested list recursively and store the flattened elements in the res list.
10. Print the flattened list.
11. End of the program.

Python3

# Python3 code to demonstrate working of
# Multiflatten Tuple List
# Using recursion + isinstance()


res = []
def remove_lists(test_list):
    for ele in test_list:

        # checking for wrapped list
        if isinstance(ele, list):
            remove_lists(ele)
        else:
            res.append(ele)
    return res

# initializing list
test_list = [[[(4, 6)]], [[[(7, 4)]]], [[[[(10, 3)]]]]]

# printing original list
print("The original list is : " + str(test_list))

# calling recursive function
res = remove_lists(test_list)

# printing result
print("The Flattened container : " + str(res))

Output

The original list is : [[[(4, 6)]], [[[(7, 4)]]], [[[[(10, 3)]]]]]
The Flattened container : [(4, 6), (7, 4), (10, 3)]

Time Complexity: O(n), where n is the total number of elements in the nested tuple list. 
Auxiliary Space: O(n), where n is the total number of elements in the nested tuple list.

Method #2 : Using yield + recursion

This method performs a similar task using recursion. The generator is used to process intermediate results using yield keyword.

Python3

# Python3 code to demonstrate working of
# Multiflatten Tuple List
# Using yield + recursion

def remove_lists(test_list):
    if isinstance(test_list, list):

        # return intermediate to recursive function
        for ele in test_list:
            yield from remove_lists(ele)
    else:
        yield test_list

# initializing list
test_list = [[[(4, 6)]], [[[(7, 4)]]], [[[[(10, 3)]]]]]

# printing original list
print("The original list is : " + str(test_list))

# calling recursive function
res = list(remove_lists(test_list))

# printing result
print("The Flattened container : " + str(res))

Output

The original list is : [[[(4, 6)]], [[[(7, 4)]]], [[[[(10, 3)]]]]]
The Flattened container : [(4, 6), (7, 4), (10, 3)]

Time complexity: O(n), where n is the total number of elements in the input list.
Auxiliary space: O(m), where m is the maximum depth of nested lists in the input list.

Method #3 : Using replace(),split(),list(),map(),tuple() methods

Python3

# Python3 code to demonstrate working of
# Multiflatten Tuple List


# initializing list
test_list = [[[(4,6)]], [[[(7,4)]]], [[[[(10,3)]]]]]
res=[]
for i in test_list:
    i=str(i)
    i=i.replace("[","")
    i=i.replace("]","")
    i=i.replace("(","")
    i=i.replace(")","")
    x=i.split(",")
    x=tuple(map(int,x))
    res.append(x)
# printing original list
print("The original list is : " + str(test_list))

# printing result
print("The Flattened container : " + str(res))

Output

The original list is : [[[(4, 6)]], [[[(7, 4)]]], [[[[(10, 3)]]]]]
The Flattened container : [(4, 6), (7, 4), (10, 3)]

Time Complexity : O(N)
Auxiliary Space : O(N)

Method #4 : Using type() and recursion

Python3

# Python3 code to demonstrate working of
# Multiflatten Tuple List

res = []
def remove_lists(test_list):
    for ele in test_list:
        if type(ele) is list:
            remove_lists(ele)
        else:
            res.append(ele)
    return res

# initializing list
test_list = [[[(4, 6)]], [[[(7, 4)]]], [[[[(10, 3)]]]]]

# printing original list
print("The original list is : " + str(test_list))

# calling recursive function
res = remove_lists(test_list)

# printing result
print("The Flattened container : " + str(res))

Output

The original list is : [[[(4, 6)]], [[[(7, 4)]]], [[[[(10, 3)]]]]]
The Flattened container : [(4, 6), (7, 4), (10, 3)]

Time Complexity : O(N)
Auxiliary Space : O(N)

Method #5: Using itertools.chain() and recursion

Use the itertools.chain() function to flatten a nested list by recursively iterating over its elements using a generator function (flatten_list()) with the yield from statement. The remove_lists() function then applies itertools.chain.from_iterable() to the output of flatten_list() and returns a list containing all the flattened elements.

STEPS:

1. First, we import the itertools module.
2. Next, we define a function called flatten_list(lst) which takes a list as input and flattens it. This function uses a recursive approach to flatten nested lists. It checks whether the current item is a list or not. If it is a list, it calls the flatten_list() function again with that list as input, otherwise it yields the item.
3. We define another function called remove_lists(test_list) which takes a nested list as input and returns a flattened list. This function uses the chain.from_iterable() method from itertools to concatenate all the nested lists into a single flattened list. It also calls the flatten_list() function to flatten the nested lists.
4. We initialize a nested list called test_list which contains tuples.
5. We print the original nested list.
6. We call the remove_lists() function with test_list as input and store the flattened list in a variable called res.
7. We print the flattened list.

Python3

import itertools

def flatten_list(lst):
    for item in lst:
        if isinstance(item, list):
            yield from flatten_list(item)
        else:
            yield item

def remove_lists(test_list):
    return list(itertools.chain.from_iterable(flatten_list(test_list)))

# initializing list
test_list = [[[(4, 6)]], [[[(7, 4)]]], [[[[(10, 3)]]]]]

# printing original list
print("The original list is : " + str(test_list))

# calling recursive function
res = remove_lists(test_list)

# printing result
print("The Flattened container : " + str(res))

Output

The original list is : [[[(4, 6)]], [[[(7, 4)]]], [[[[(10, 3)]]]]]
The Flattened container : [4, 6, 7, 4, 10, 3]

Time complexity: O(n), where n is the total number of elements in the input list.
Auxiliary space: O(n), as the flatten_list() function uses recursion to iterate over the elements of the list, and each recursive call creates a new stack frame with local variables.

Method #6: Using stack and iteration

Step-by-step approach:

• Create an empty stack and append the input list test_list to it.
• Create an empty list res.
• While the stack is not empty:
  a. Pop the top element ele from the stack.
  b. If ele is a list, append its elements to the stack.
  c. If ele is not a list, append it to res.
• Return res.

Below is the implementation of the above approach:

Python3

def remove_lists(test_list):
    # create an empty stack and append the input list to it
    stack = [test_list]
    # create an empty list to store the flattened elements
    res = []
    # while the stack is not empty
    while stack:
        # pop the top element from the stack
        ele = stack.pop()
        # if the element is a list, append its elements to the stack
        if isinstance(ele, list):
            stack += ele
        # if the element is not a list, append it to the result list
        else:
            res.append(ele)
    # return the flattened list
    return res

# initializing list
test_list = [[[(4, 6)]], [[[(7, 4)]]], [[[[(10, 3)]]]]]

# printing original list
print("The original list is : " + str(test_list))

# calling function
res = remove_lists(test_list)

# printing result
print("The Flattened container : " + str(res))

Output

The original list is : [[[(4, 6)]], [[[(7, 4)]]], [[[[(10, 3)]]]]]
The Flattened container : [(10, 3), (7, 4), (4, 6)]

Time complexity: O(n), where n is the total number of elements in the input list.
Auxiliary space: O(n), where n is the total number of elements in the input list.