Python – Create acronyms from words

Given a string, the task is to write a Python program to extract the acronym from that string.

Examples:

Input: Computer Science Engineering

Output: CSE

Input: geeks for geeks

Output: GFG

Input: Uttar pradesh

Output: UP

Approach 1:

The following steps are required:

• Take input as a string.
• Add the first letter of string to output.
• Iterate over the full string and add every next letter to space to output.
• Change the output to uppercase(required acronym).

Python3

# function to create acronym
def fxn(stng):

    # add first letter
    oupt = stng[0]

    # iterate over string
    for i in range(1, len(stng)):
        if stng[i-1] == ' ':

            # add letter next to space
            oupt += stng[i]

    # uppercase oupt
    oupt = oupt.upper()
    return oupt


# input string
inpt1 = "Computer Science Engineering"

# output acronym
print(fxn(inpt1))

# input string
inpt1 = "geeks for geeks"

# output acronym
print(fxn(inpt1))

# input string
inpt1 = "Uttar pradesh"

# output acronym
print(fxn(inpt1))

Output:

CSE
GFG
UP

Time Complexity: O(n) -> looping once through string of length n.

Space Complexity: O(n) -> as space is required for storing individual characters of a string of length n.

Approach 2:

The following steps are required:

• Take input as a string.
• Split the words.
• Iterate over words and add the first letter to output.
• Change the output to uppercase(required acronym).

Python3

# function to create acronym
def fxn(stng):

    # get all words
    lst = stng.split()
    oupt = ""

    # iterate over words
    for word in lst:

        # get first letter of each word
        oupt += word[0]

    # uppercase oupt
    oupt = oupt.upper()
    return oupt


# input string
inpt1 = "Computer Science Engineering"

# output acronym
print(fxn(inpt1))

# input string
inpt1 = "geeks for geeks"

# output acronym
print(fxn(inpt1))

# input string
inpt1 = "Uttar pradesh"

# output acronym
print(fxn(inpt1))

Output:

CSE
GFG
UP

Time Complexity: O(n) -> looping once through an array of length n.

Space Complexity: O(n) -> as space is required for storing individual characters of a string and an array of length n.

Approach 3: Using regex and reduce()

Here’s one approach using regular expressions (regex) to extract the first letter of each word and reduce function to concatenate them:

Python3

import re
from functools import reduce

def fxn(stng):
    words = re.findall(r'\b\w', stng)
    acronym = reduce(lambda x, y: x + y, [word[0].upper() for word in words])
    return acronym

# input string
inpt1 = "Computer Science Engineering"

# output acronym
print(fxn(inpt1))

# input string
inpt1 = "geeks for geeks"

# output acronym
print(fxn(inpt1))

# input string
inpt1 = "Uttar pradesh"

# output acronym
print(fxn(inpt1))

Output

CSE
GFG
UP

Time Complexity: O(n) -> looping once through an array of length n.

Auxiliary Space: O(n) -> as space is required for storing individual characters of a string and an array of length n.