Python: Call Parent class method
Last Updated :
23 Jan, 2020
A class is a user-defined blueprint or prototype from which objects are created. Classes provide a means of bundling data and functionality together. Creating a new class creates a new type of object, allowing new instances of that type to be made.
Example:
class cls :
def __init__( self , fname, mname, lname):
self .firstname = fname
self .middlename = mname
self .lastname = lname
def print ( self ):
print ( self .firstname, self .middlename, self .lastname)
x = cls ( "Geeks" , "for" , "Geeks" )
x. print ()
|
Output:
Geeks for Geeks
Calling Parent class Method
To understand about the concept of parent class, you have to know about Inheritance in Python. In simpler terms, inheritance is the concept by which one class (commonly known as child class or sub class) inherits the properties from another class (commonly known as Parent class or super class).
But have you ever wondered about calling the functions defined inside the parent class with the help of child class? Well this can done using Python. You just have to create an object of the child class and call the function of the parent class using dot(.)
operator.
Example:
class Parent:
def show( self ):
print ( "Inside Parent class" )
class Child(Parent):
def display( self ):
print ( "Inside Child class" )
obj = Child()
obj.display()
obj.show()
|
Output
Inside Child class
Inside Parent class
Calling Parent class method after method overriding
Method overriding is an ability of any object-oriented programming language that allows a subclass or child class to provide a specific implementation of a method that is already provided by one of its super-classes or parent classes.
Parent class methods can also be called within the overridden methods. This can generally be achieved by two ways.
- Using Classname: Parent’s class methods can be called by using the Parent
classname.method
inside the overridden method.
Example:
class Parent():
def show( self ):
print ( "Inside Parent" )
class Child(Parent):
def show( self ):
Parent.show( self )
print ( "Inside Child" )
obj = Child()
obj.show()
|
Output:
Inside Parent
Inside Child
- Using Super(): Python
super()
function provides us the facility to refer to the parent class explicitly. It is basically useful where we have to call superclass functions. It returns the proxy object that allows us to refer parent class by ‘super’.
Example 1:
class Parent():
def show( self ):
print ( "Inside Parent" )
class Child(Parent):
def show( self ):
super ().show()
print ( "Inside Child" )
obj = Child()
obj.show()
|
Output:
Inside Parent
Inside Child
Example 2:
class GFG1:
def __init__( self ):
print ( 'HEY !!!!!! GfG I am initialised(Class GEG1)' )
def sub_GFG( self , b):
print ( 'Printing from class GFG1:' , b)
class GFG2(GFG1):
def __init__( self ):
print ( 'HEY !!!!!! GfG I am initialised(Class GEG2)' )
super ().__init__()
def sub_GFG( self , b):
print ( 'Printing from class GFG2:' , b)
super ().sub_GFG(b + 1 )
class GFG3(GFG2):
def __init__( self ):
print ( 'HEY !!!!!! GfG I am initialised(Class GEG3)' )
super ().__init__()
def sub_GFG( self , b):
print ( 'Printing from class GFG3:' , b)
super ().sub_GFG(b + 1 )
if __name__ = = '__main__' :
gfg = GFG3()
gfg.sub_GFG( 10 )
|
Output:
HEY !!!!!! GfG I am initialised(Class GEG3)
HEY !!!!!! GfG I am initialised(Class GEG2)
HEY !!!!!! GfG I am initialised(Class GEG1)
Printing from class GFG3: 10
Printing from class GFG2: 11
Printing from class GFG1: 12
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