PyQt5 – QActionGroup

QActionGroup : In PyQt5 applications many common commands can be invoked via menus, toolbar buttons, and keyboard shortcuts, since the user expects each command to be performed in the same way, regardless of the user interface used, QAction is useful to represent each command as an action. In some situations it is useful to group QAction objects together, so that user can only select(check) only one QAction at a time just like radio buttons. Also in order to view the effect og action group the action added to it should be checkable.
Below is how an actions in action group will look inside the menu 

Syntax: 

action_group = QActionGroup()

This action_group is used by adding those QAction which should lie in same group, they can be added with the help of addAction method. Below are the some frequently used commands with the QAction 

addAction : To add QAction to it

setEnabled : To make QActionGroup enable or disable

setExclusionPolicy : To set exclusion policy to the action group

checkedAction : It returns the currently checked action

removeAction : To remove the specific QAction from the group

actions : It returns the list of QAction group is having

Example :
In this we will create a menu bar which will have a menu, and having multiple checkable QAction, below is the implementation 

Python3

# importing libraries
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import * from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui
from PyQt5.QtGui import * from PyQt5.QtCore import * import sys


class Window(QMainWindow):

    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()

        # setting title
        self.setWindowTitle("Python ")

        # setting geometry
        self.setGeometry(100, 100, 500, 400)

        # calling method
        self.UiComponents()

        # showing all the widgets
        self.show()



    # method for components
    def UiComponents(self):

        # creating a menu bar
        menubar = self.menuBar()

        # creating a selection menu
        selMenu = menubar.addMenu('Selection')

        # creating QAction Instances
        action1 = QAction("One", self)
        action2 = QAction("Two", self)
        action3 = QAction("Three", self)
        action4 = QAction("Four", self)

        # making actions checkable
        action1.setCheckable(True)
        action2.setCheckable(True)
        action3.setCheckable(True)
        action4.setCheckable(True)

        # adding these actions to the selection menu
        selMenu.addAction(action1)
        selMenu.addAction(action2)
        selMenu.addAction(action3)
        selMenu.addAction(action4)

        # creating a action group
        action_group = QActionGroup(self)

        # adding these action to the action group
        action_group.addAction(action1)
        action_group.addAction(action2)
        action_group.addAction(action3)
        action_group.addAction(action4)

        # creating a label
        label = QLabel("GeeksforGeeks", self)

        # setting geometry to the label
        label.setGeometry(100, 150, 200, 50)

        # adding triggered action to the first action
        action1.triggered.connect(lambda: label.setText("Action 1 is Checked"))

        # adding triggered action to the second action
        action2.triggered.connect(lambda: label.setText("Action 2 is Checked"))

        # adding triggered action to the third action
        action3.triggered.connect(lambda: label.setText("Action 3 is Checked"))

        # adding triggered action to the fourth action
        action4.triggered.connect(lambda: label.setText("Action 4 is Checked"))




# create pyqt5 app
App = QApplication(sys.argv)

# create the instance of our Window
window = Window()

# start the app
sys.exit(App.exec())

Output :

Another Example
In this we will create a tool bar having multiple QAction which are dived by two action group, below is the implementation 

Python3

# importing libraries
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import * from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui
from PyQt5.QtGui import * from PyQt5.QtCore import * import sys


class Window(QMainWindow):

    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()

        # setting title
        self.setWindowTitle("Python ")

        # setting geometry
        self.setGeometry(100, 100, 500, 400)

        # calling method
        self.UiComponents()

        # showing all the widgets
        self.show()

        # method for components

    def UiComponents(self):
        # creating a tool bar
        toolbar = QToolBar(self)

        # setting geometry to the tool bar
        toolbar.setGeometry(50, 100, 300, 35)

        # creating QAction Instances
        action1 = QAction("One", self)
        action2 = QAction("Two", self)
        action3 = QAction("Three", self)
        action4 = QAction("Four", self)

        # making actions checkable
        action1.setCheckable(True)
        action2.setCheckable(True)
        action3.setCheckable(True)
        action4.setCheckable(True)

        # adding these actions to the tool bar
        toolbar.addAction(action1)
        toolbar.addAction(action2)
        toolbar.addAction(action3)
        toolbar.addAction(action4)

        # creating a first action group
        action_group1 = QActionGroup(self)

        # adding these action to the action group
        action_group1.addAction(action1)
        action_group1.addAction(action2)

        # creating a second action group
        action_group2 = QActionGroup(self)

        action_group2.addAction(action3)
        action_group2.addAction(action4)

        # creating a label
        label = QLabel("GeeksforGeeks", self)

        # setting geometry to the label
        label.setGeometry(100, 150, 200, 50)

        # adding triggered action to the first action
        action1.triggered.connect(lambda: label.setText("Action 1 is Checked"))

        # adding triggered action to the second action
        action2.triggered.connect(lambda: label.setText("Action 2 is Checked"))

        # adding triggered action to the third action
        action3.triggered.connect(lambda: label.setText("Action 3 is Checked"))

        # adding triggered action to the fourth action
        action4.triggered.connect(lambda: label.setText("Action 4 is Checked"))

# create pyqt5 app
App = QApplication(sys.argv)

# create the instance of our Window
window = Window()

# start the app
sys.exit(App.exec())

Output :