Program to count vowels in a string (Iterative and Recursive)

Given a string, count the total number of vowels (a, e, i, o, u) in it. There are two methods to count total number of vowels in a string.
1. Iterative
2. Recursive

Examples:

Input : abc de
Output : 2

Input : geeksforgeeks portal
Output : 7

Recommended: Please solve it on “PRACTICE ” first, before moving on to the solution.

1. Iterative Method
Below is the implementation:

C++

// C++ program to count vowels in a string 
#include<iostream> 
using namespace std; 
  
// Function to check the Vowel 
bool isVowel(char ch) 
{ 
    ch = toupper(ch); 
    return (ch=='A' || ch=='E' || ch=='I' || 
                       ch=='O' || ch=='U'); 
} 
  
// Returns count of vowels in str 
int countVowels(string str) 
{ 
    int count = 0; 
    for (int i=0; i<str.length(); i++) 
        if (isVowel(str[i])) // Check for vowel 
            ++count; 
    return count; 
} 
  
// Main Calling Function 
int main() 
{ 
    //string object 
    string str = "abc de"; 
  
    // Total numbers of Vowel 
    cout << countVowels(str) << endl; 
    return 0; 
} 

Java

// Java program to count vowels in a string 
public class GFG { 
         
    // Function to check the Vowel 
    static boolean isVowel(char ch) 
    { 
        ch = Character.toUpperCase(ch); 
        return (ch=='A' || ch=='E' || ch=='I' || 
                           ch=='O' || ch=='U'); 
    } 
       
    // Returns count of vowels in str 
    static int countVowels(String str) 
    { 
        int count = 0; 
        for (int i = 0; i < str.length(); i++) 
            if (isVowel(str.charAt(i))) // Check for vowel 
                ++count; 
        return count; 
    } 
       
    // Driver code 
    public static void main(String args[]) 
    { 
        //string object 
        String str = "abc de"; 
       
        // Total numbers of Vowel 
        System.out.println(countVowels(str)); 
    } 
} 
// This code is contributed by Sumit Ghosh 

Python3

# Python3 program to count vowels 
# in a string 
  
# Function to check the Vowel 
def isVowel(ch): 
    return ch.upper() in ['A', 'E', 'I', 'O', 'U'] 
  
# Returns count of vowels in str  
def countVowels(str): 
    count = 0
    for i in range(len(str)): 
  
        # Check for vowel 
        if isVowel(str[i]): 
            count += 1
    return count 
  
# Driver Code 
  
# string object  
str = 'abc de'
  
# Total number of Vowels 
print(countVowels(str)) 
  
# This code is contributed  
# by SamyuktaSHegde 

C#

// C# program to count vowels in a string  
using System; 
  
class GFG 
{ 
  
    // Function to check the Vowel  
    public static bool isVowel(char ch) 
    { 
        ch = char.ToUpper(ch); 
        return (ch == 'A' || ch == 'E' ||  
                ch == 'I' || ch == 'O' ||  
                              ch == 'U'); 
    } 
  
    // Returns count of vowels in str  
    public static int countVowels(string str) 
    { 
        int count = 0; 
        for (int i = 0; i < str.Length; i++) 
        { 
              
            // Check for vowel 
            if (isVowel(str[i]))  
            { 
                ++count; 
            } 
        } 
        return count; 
    } 
  
    // Driver code  
    public static void Main(string[] args) 
    { 
          
        //string object  
        string str = "abc de"; 
  
        // Total numbers of Vowel  
        Console.WriteLine(countVowels(str)); 
    } 
} 
  
// This code is contributed by Shrikant13 

PHP

<?php 
// PHP program to count vowels in a string 
  
// Function to check the Vowel 
function isVowel($ch) 
{ 
    $ch = strtoupper($ch); 
    return ($ch =='A' || $ch =='E' ||  
            $ch =='I' || $ch =='O' ||  
            $ch =='U'); 
} 
  
// Returns count of vowels in str 
function countVowels($str) 
{ 
    $count = 0; 
    for ($i = 0; $i < strlen($str); $i++) 
        if (isVowel($str[$i])) // Check for vowel 
            ++$count; 
    return $count; 
} 
  
// Driver Code 
  
//string object 
$str = "abc de"; 
  
// Total numbers of Vowel 
echo countVowels($str) . "\n"; 
  
// This code is contributed 
// by Akanksha Rai 
?> 

Output:

Recommended: Please solve it on “PRACTICE ” first, before moving on to the solution.

2. Recursive Method
Below is the implementation:

C++

// Recursive C++ program to count the total 
// number of vowels using recursion 
#include<iostream> 
using namespace std; 
  
// Function to check the Vowel 
bool isVowel(char ch) 
{ 
    ch = toupper(ch); 
    return (ch=='A' || ch=='E' || ch=='I' || 
                        ch=='O' || ch=='U'); 
} 
  
// to count total number of vowel from 0 to n 
int countVovels(string str, int n) 
{ 
    if (n == 1) 
        return isVowel(str[n-1]); 
  
    return countVovels(str, n-1) + isVowel(str[n-1]); 
} 
  
// Main Calling Function 
int main() 
{ 
    // string object 
    string str = "abc de"; 
  
    // Total numbers of Vowel 
    cout << countVovels(str, str.length()) << endl; 
    return 0; 
} 

Java

// Recursive Java program to count the total 
// number of vowels using recursion 
public class GFG { 
         
    // Function to check the Vowel 
    static int isVowel(char ch) 
    { 
        ch = Character.toUpperCase(ch); 
       if(ch=='A' || ch=='E' || ch=='I' || 
            ch=='O' || ch=='U')  
           return 1; 
       else return 0; 
    } 
       
    // to count total number of vowel from 0 to n 
    static int countVowels(String str, int n) 
    { 
        if (n == 1) 
            return isVowel(str.charAt(n - 1)); 
       
        return countVowels(str, n-1) + isVowel(str.charAt(n - 1)); 
    } 
       
    // Main Calling Function 
    public static void main(String args[]) 
    { 
        //string object 
        String str = "abc de"; 
       
        // Total numbers of Vowel 
        System.out.println(countVowels(str,str.length())); 
    } 
} 
// This code is contributed by Sumit Ghosh 

Python 3

# Recursive Python 3 program to count the  
# total number of vowels using recursion 
  
# Function to check the Vowel 
def isVowel(ch): 
    return ch.upper() in ['A', 'E', 'I', 'O', 'U'] 
  
# to count total number of 
# vowel from 0 to n 
def countVovels(str, n): 
    if (n == 1): 
        return isVowel(str[n - 1]); 
  
    return (countVovels(str, n - 1) +
                isVowel(str[n - 1])); 
  
# Driver Code 
  
# string object 
str = "abc de"; 
  
# Total numbers of Vowel 
print(countVovels(str, len(str))) 
  
# This code is contributed  
# by Akanksha Rai 

C#

using System; 
  
// Recursive C# program to count the total  
// number of vowels using recursion  
public class GFG 
{ 
  
    // Function to check the Vowel  
    public static int isVowel(char ch) 
    { 
        ch = char.ToUpper(ch); 
       if (ch == 'A' || ch == 'E' || ch == 'I' || ch == 'O' || ch == 'U') 
       { 
           return 1; 
       } 
       else
       { 
           return 0; 
       } 
    } 
  
    // to count total number of vowel from 0 to n  
    public static int countVowels(string str, int n) 
    { 
        if (n == 1) 
        { 
            return isVowel(str[n - 1]); 
        } 
  
        return countVowels(str, n - 1) + isVowel(str[n - 1]); 
    } 
  
    // Main Calling Function  
    public static void Main(string[] args) 
    { 
        //string object  
        string str = "abc de"; 
  
        // Total numbers of Vowel  
        Console.WriteLine(countVowels(str,str.Length)); 
    } 
} 
  
// This code is contributed by Shrikant13 

PHP

<?php 
// Recursive PHP program to count the total 
// number of vowels using recursion 
  
// Function to check the Vowel 
function isVowel($ch) 
{ 
    $ch = strtoupper($ch); 
    return ($ch == 'A' || $ch == 'E' || 
            $ch == 'I' || $ch == 'O' || 
            $ch == 'U'); 
} 
  
// to count total number of 
// vowel from 0 to n 
function countVovels($str, $n) 
{ 
    if ($n == 1) 
        return isVowel($str[$n - 1]); 
  
    return countVovels($str, $n - 1) + 
               isVowel($str[$n - 1]); 
} 
  
// Driver Code 
  
// string object 
$str = "abc de"; 
  
// Total numbers of Vowel 
echo countVovels($str, strlen($str)) . "\n"; 
  
// This code is contributed  
// by Akanksha Rai 
?> 

Output:

How Recursive Code Working..

This article is contributed by Prakhar Agrawal. If you like GeeksforGeeks and would like to contribute, you can also write an article using contribute.geeksforgeeks.org or mail your article to contribute@geeksforgeeks.org. See your article appearing on the GeeksforGeeks main page and help other Geeks.

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My Personal Notes

Recommended: Please solve it on “PRACTICE ” first, before moving on to the solution.

C++

Java

Python3

C#

PHP

Recommended: Please solve it on “PRACTICE ” first, before moving on to the solution.

C++

Java

Python 3

C#

PHP

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